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SCYTHIANS<br />

it is possible that already Photius understood Jeremiah<br />

as referring to the Scythians in 622J?<br />

In his hor homily on the Russian invasion in 865 Phofius<br />

seemi to repard him,elf as speaking of the rrme northern people<br />

6, ScythiBnB 'h" the prophet had,," mind. He no doubt<br />

shared the view of his contemporary Nlcefas<br />

in Jer. and who,. in hi life of Ignstius, of the<br />

zeph, KUUS~J ar a Scythlan people (Exu&lr ievos<br />

k ..WL 'Pwr), ar doer pl~o the unknoun son-<br />

tinuator 01 T ~ ~ chronography; ~ T see ~ ' ~ ~urlorvm ~ ~<br />

work.<br />

e , ~<br />

incurrione' in Lrziion Vidobonrrue, ed. Nauck, moj X mind<br />

xxiv..f<br />

In modern rimes. Cramer, Eichhorn, Dahler, Hitrig,<br />

Ewald, and most recent critics have seen in Jer. 4-6<br />

Zeph.2 original references to the Scythizinr, though<br />

admitting subsequent retouching under the imprerrion<br />

of Chald~an invasions. It has seemed to them impossible<br />

that Jeremiah should have feared a Chaldzan<br />

attack in the thirteenth year of Josiah, whilst the Scythian<br />

itrvrsion mentioned by Herodotus (IIQ3 ff) seems to<br />

have occurred abovt that time. In JEREM~AH [BuoK].<br />

5 20, i., it has been suggested that Chaldzan designs<br />

upon Syria may have become apparent already in 625,<br />

and that the Scythian army may have contained a<br />

Chaldzenn contingent by virtue of the agreement between<br />

Kabupolarrui and the Umman Manda prince alluded<br />

to in the Kab-buna'id inscription. That view must now<br />

he somewhat modified, as Winckler's researcher have<br />

rendered it hiehlv orobable that the Umman Mmda in<br />

this case are

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