cheenc03a.pdf

SIMON PETER
, r,urrr. irn,nr.l a .I ..,,..:rile cx.o.;.. .,n. n; ., . I,)
torturer.' In the case of Peter, however (5+), the firrt
of these two renderings does not fit well : for aoiw
paprup4o.r seems intended to convey 'after that he
had borne testimony' by the 'laburs' irdvoii just
mentioned. 'Thse, .how&ver, extend ovei' his ;viole
life as an apostle. That precisely his death we
occasioned by some such 'labow' and thus was a
martyrdom i; not expressly said and therefore might
be disputed. Still, since Peter in here cited as an
instance of how the greatest 'pillars' 'contended even
unto death' we refrain from doing so.
(c) In like manner it will be well to concede that
' among us' (8" $p?") in 6 doer nor mean ' amoilg us
Christians'-which would be tolerably vague-hut
'among us Romans.' The reference in to the victims of
the Xeronian persecution (6%) who were made use of for
the presentation of mythological pieces. Still when it ir
said of the Nrronian rnarryrr in Rome that they \rere
eathered together with Peter and Paul, we are bv no
means to draw it an a necessary inferke that &ter
and Paul also died in Rome. To ' was gathered'
(vuvnEpoiaOn) in 61 what we ought rather to supply
will be 'to the due place of glory' (?ir rb b#slhbplrrvov
rbrov ri)r 8iSnr) or 'to the holy place' (rlr rbv dylov
7570~) of 54 7. Thur the common meeting-place
referred to is not Rome but heaven, and accordinelv the
present passage rays nothing ar to the place of death.
(d) Neitlrrr in 51 doer the author give any reason to
suppose that he is thinking of all as having one and the
same place of death. The oneness that unites those
about to be mentioned and separates them from those
who have been mentioned already in characterired as a
oneness of time only : 'who lived nearest . . . our own
generation'(rohYWiorayruou(uou~. . . rijryrvr&$piu).
(8) A5 the writer ir at Rome, by the 'limit of the
west' (rippa 7 6 ~ 86r7em9, 57) to which Paul came it
would seem as if Spain must be meant. The fact,
however, of a journey of Paul to Spain is, if the present
passage be left out of account, nowhere asserted before
the fourth century except in the Muratorian fragment
(a 38, 39) and in the pre-Catholic Acta Pefri (~ce
below. B 33a). and in view of the silence of the other
witnesses in very much exposed to, the suspicion of
being merely an inference from Rom. 15%* 28, where
Paul expresser the intention of extending his journey
from Rome to Spain. Eunebius (HEii. 22=) speaks of
a missionary activity of Paul after the captivity spoken
of in A~tr28~0$, but does not say where, and adds
that thereafter Paul calne once more to Rome and
suffered martyrdom there. In the immediately following
context (2Z3-8) he refers the 'first hearing' (TP~~ST?
drohoyio) of 2 Tim. 4x6 to the first Roman captivity.
Here too, in view of the silence of other witnesses,
there arises inevitably a strong suspicion that the discrimination
of two captivities may have been suggested
by this passage merely, whilst nevertheless rphrq
drohoyio in the nature of things ought to mean merely
a firit 'appearance' or hearing' as distinct from a
second in the course of the same captivity, since the
whole parrage 49-18 in speaking of the details of a
single captivity. For this inference not Eurebius but
some onewho preceded him must be held responsible:
he himself introduces the whole story with a hbor E~rr
('thestorygoer'). It however, Eurehiur, whoelrewhere
puts forthso much that is falsewith the greatestsrurance.
here user so cautious an erorersion as this, the matter.
we may rest assured, is quertibnable in the higher: degree:
4599
SIMON PETER
Harnhck (ACL ii. 1 qg
f) characreiiier the liberation of Paul
. :. lf *>I LU., A,. 8.L" '.