Solar Energy Perspectives - IEA

Table of contents
Figure 10.4 • Net present value of European FITs for PV
and PV system costs (USD/W) .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Figure 10.5 • New PV installations in Germany,
from October 2009 to October 2010.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Figure 10.6 • Schematic illustration of the difficulty
in controlling overall costs in setting FIT levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Figure 10.7 • Schematic of profit variability from electricity generation.. . . . . . . . . . . 188
Chapter 11
Figure 11.1 • Final energy use by sector in 2007, 2030 and 2050. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Figure 11.2 • Base load versus load-matching.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Figure 11.3 • Seasonal variations of the European electricity demand
and of the electricity generation from solar, wind,
and a 60%-wind 40%-PV generation mix. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Figure 11.4 • Global electricity generation by technology in 2060.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Figure 11.5 • Capacities (GW) required at peak demand after sunset
with low winds in total non-CSP areas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Figure 11.6 • How EV and PHEV batteries can help level the load
on the electric grids.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Figure 11.7 • Sample scheme of a dyke creating an artificial offshore basin
in shallow waters for pumped-hydro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Figure 11.8 • 500 000 km 2 of hypothetical on-ground solar plants.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Figure 11.9 • Total final energy by sources, 2060.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
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© OECD/IEA, 2011