Solar Energy Perspectives - IEA

Solar Energy Perspectives: Industry and transport
Figure 5.1 Electricity use by sector, as a share of final energy use
Aluminium
Cement
Chemicals
Iron and steel
Pulp and paper
Total industry
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
2006 Baseline low
2050
BLUE low
2050
Baseline high
2050
BLUE high
2050
Source: IEA, 2009a.
Key point
The share of electricity in industry energy use is expected to rise to one-third by 2050.
The 2% difference may look small; however, it results from the fact that the BLUE Map
Scenario includes greater energy efficiency improvements in the current uses of electricity in
industry – the two larger areas being variable speed for most industrial electric motors, and
better management of various “commodities” such as compressed air in networks. All in all,
the use of fossil fuels is reduced in the BLUE Scenarios compared to the Baseline Scenarios,
thanks to savings, substitution by electricity and by biomass and waste (Figure 5.2).
Figure 5.2 Final energy use in industry, 2050
Biomass and waste
300
Energy consumption (EJ)
Heat
Electricity
Natural gas
250
200
Oil
Coal
150
100
50
0
2006 Baseline low
2050
BLUE low
2050
Baseline high
2050
BLUE high
2050
Source: IEA, 2009a.
Key point
Fossil fuel use declines in the BLUE Scenarios, substituted by electricity and biomass.
Self-generation of electricity by industry may be driven by slightly different perspectives.
In countries with good DNI, some industries are considering building their own
94
© OECD/IEA, 2011