epr-method (2003) - IAEA Publications - International Atomic Energy ...

Appendix 5
AREA AND ZONE SIZES
RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES - INNER CORDONED AREA RADIUS (SAFE
DISTANCES) SIZES
Table A5-I provides suggestions for the approximate radius of the of inner cordoned area radius (safe
distances – see Fig. 1) in radiological emergencies [11].
TABLE A5-I SUGGESTED INNER CORDONED AREA RADIUS (SAFE DISTANCES)
FOR RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES [11]
Situation
Intact package with a I-WHITE, II-YELLOW or III-
YELLOW label
Damaged package with a I-WHITE, II-YELLOW or III-
YELLOW label
Undamaged common source (consumer item) such as smoke
detector
Other unshielded or unknown source (damaged or undamaged)
Spill
Major spill
Fire, suspected RDD, explosion or fumes, spent fuel,
plutonium spill
Explosion/fire involving nuclear weapons (no nuclear yield)
Initial radius of inner cordoned area (safe
distance) 60,61
Immediate area around the package
30 m radius or at:
- Ambient dose readings of 100 µSv/h
- 1000 Bq/cm 2 gamma/beta deposition
- 100 Bq/cm 2 alpha deposition
None
30 m radius or at
- Ambient dose readings of 100 µSv/h
- 1000 Bq/cm 2 gamma/beta deposition
- 100 Bq/cm 2 alpha deposition
Spill area plus 30 m around
Spill area plus 300 m around
300 m radius (or more to protect against effects
of an explosion) or at
- Ambient dose readings of 100 µSv/h
- 1000 Bq/cm 2 gamma/beta deposition
- 100 Bq/cm 2 alpha deposition
1000 m radius or at:
- Ambient dose readings of 100 µSv/h
- 1000 Bq/cm 2 gamma/beta deposition
- 100 Bq/cm 2 alpha deposition
Consider the following generic protective actions for inner cordoned area (inside safety perimeter). First
Responders: remove non-essential personnel and members of the public; if contamination is suspected
monitor them and decontaminate as necessary; perform life saving actions (do not delay due to the presence
of radiation); use respiratory protection (if airborne contamination is suspected), avoid inadvertent ingestion.
Public (in approximately twice the radius of inner cordoned area): do not eat possibly contaminated food
until monitored; avoid the smoke; if in smoke get monitored; avoid inadvertent ingestion. For other response
actions in radiological emergencies see Appendix 7: Action guide for radiological emergencies.
60 Initial safe distances recommended for open-air emergencies. Inside facilities smaller distances may be dictated by the ease
of controlling access and that structures provide shielding/filtering.
61 The radiological operational intervention levels (dose rate and deposition OILs) are set for evacuation GIL (50 mSv/week).
The deposition levels OILs consider inhalation of re-suspension and inadvertent ingestion. The beta contamination OILs are
for unknown or high toxicity radionuclides. The beta contamination OILs for low toxicity beta emitters such as H-3, C-14, S-
35, Cr-51, Fe-55, Ni-63, Tc-99m or I-125 could be 10 to 100 times higher. Ambient dose rate is measured 1m above ground
level.
126