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TABLE A15-I SUGGESTED RADIATION RESPONSE TEAMS FOR EACH THREAT CATEGORY ERNET equivalent teams 133 AST Aerial Survey Team RMT Radiation Monitoring Team RIT Radionuclide Identification Team SRT Source Recovery Team AAT Assessment and Advisory Team Threat categor y AST MST Medical Support Team BIT Bioassay Team RPT Radiopathology Team BDT Biodosimetry Team Additional teams 134 EST Emergency Sampling Team DET Decontamination Team PST In Plant Survey Team LAB Laboratory facility Suggested minimum number of emergency radiation response teams and laboratories 135 RM T RIT SRT AA T MS T BIT RPT BDT EST I 1 6 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 6 3 3 2 II 1 3 1 1 3 1 * 136 * 136 * 136 2 2 2 2 III * 136 1 1 1 1 * 136 * 136 * 136 * 136 1 1 1 1 IV * 136 1 1 1 1 * 136 * 136 * 136 * 136 1 1 DE T PST LA B NR 13 7 1 V * 136 1 2 NR 137 1 NR 13 7 NR 13 7 NR 13 7 NR 13 7 3 NR 13 7 NR 13 7 1 133 The specifications for ERNET equivalent teams are described in Ref. [38]. 134 The specifics for the additional team are found in Section A15.2. 135 If a team is expected to operate on a 24-hour basis, the minimum number of teams recommended is three. 136 If needed, assistance from the <strong>IAEA</strong> Emergency Response Network (ERNET) can be requested. 137 NR = not recommended. 230
A15.1 OBJECTIVES OF EMERGENCY RADIATION RESPONSE TEAMS The general tasks for the emergency radiation response teams are: (1) to assess the radiological situation; (2) to render safe and perform stabilization activities including, where appropriate, source recovery; and (3) to provide medical advice/consultation, medical assistance as necessary and public health advice. The specific objectives are as follows: AST: Aerial Survey Team (1) to quickly detect, locate and identify lost or orphan radiation source(s) by aerial survey over large areas; (2) to obtain information on contamination of large surface areas by radionuclide specific measurements; and (3) to provide results and all other collected data in a timely fashion to the RMAC, as requested, according to established procedures. RMT: Radiation Monitoring Team (1) to detect, locate and demarcate small area(s) of contamination, lost or orphan source(s) by ground survey; (2) to propose immediate protective actions, if necessary; (3) to monitor personnel, object and equipment contamination; (4) to monitor dose rates; and (5) to perform sampling. RIT: Radionuclide Identification Team (1) to identify and quantify specific radionuclides; (2) to determine radionuclide specific ground contamination; (3) to perform sampling and sample preparation; and (4) to measure radionuclide concentration in samples (air, soil, water, foodstuffs, etc.). SRT: Source Recovery Team (1) to organize source recovery operations; (2) to recover sources with specialized devices; (3) to provide temporary shielding and render the source safe; and (4) to provide advice on source transportation and storage, if required. AAT: Assessment and Advisory Team (1) to collect, assess, validate and map the results performed by field teams; (2) to make external dose calculation for individuals or critical groups; (3) to model, calculate and evaluate radiological consequences; and (4) to recommend strategies for measurement, protective actions, recovery operations, decontamination and waste management. MST: Medical Support Team (1) to evaluate the medical consequences of the radiation emergency; (2) to provide medical advice or consultation and assist with medical care, as necessary, to overexposed people according to the type of radiological emergency situation: 231
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EPR- METHOD 2003 Method for Develop
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The originating Section of this pub
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EDITORIAL NOTE The use of particula
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4.2.8. Managing the medical respons
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1.2. OBJECTIVE This publication pro
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not appear for days, weeks or even
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TABLE I. FIVE CATEGORIES OF NUCLEAR
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2.1.3. AREAS AND ZONES For most eme
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National border Facility On-Site PA
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Typically, the operator declares a
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National (all hazards) emergency pl
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The co-ordinator should have in-dep
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(1) precautionary 9 urgent protecti
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2.2.6. TASK 3 — DEVELOP PLANNING
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TABLE IV. EMERGENCY THREAT CATEGORY
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2.2.12. TASK 9 — TEST CAPABILITY
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IDENTIFICATION AND ASSIGNMENT OF CR
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28 APPLICABLE CATEGORY THREAT CRITI
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4. EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS CONSIDERA
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factors. Methods for compensation a
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Public exposure/contamination emerg
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exposure, protect the people nearby
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that could contribute to similar ov
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44 4.2.1. Establishing emergency ma
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46 A1 - ESTABLISHING EMERGENCY MANA
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48 A2 - IDENTIFYING, NOTIFYING AND
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56 A3 - TAKING MITIGATORY ACTION Th
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58 A3 - TAKING MITIGATORY ACTION Th
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60 A4 - TAKING URGENT PROTECTIVE AC
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62 A4 - TAKING URGENT PROTECTIVE AC
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64 4.2.5. Providing information, an
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66 A5 - PROVIDING INFORMATION AND I
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68 A6 - PROTECTING EMERGENCY WORKER
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70 A6 - PROTECTING EMERGENCY WORKER
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72 A7 - ASSESSING THE INITIAL PHASE
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74 A7 - ASSESSING THE INITIAL PHASE
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76 A8 - MANAGING THE MEDICAL RESPON
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78 A8 - MANAGING THE MEDICAL RESPON
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80 A9 - KEEPING THE PUBLIC INFORMED
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82 A10 - TAKING AGRICULTURAL COUNTE
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84 A10 - TAKING AGRICULTURAL COUNTE
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86 4.2.11. Mitigating the non-radio
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88 4.2.12. Conducting recovery oper
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90 4.2.13. Authority (B1 elements)
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92 4.2.14. Organization (B2 element
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94 4.2.15. Co-ordination of emergen
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96 B3- CO-ORDINATION OF EMERGENCY R
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98 B4 - PLANS AND PROCEDURES Threat
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100 B4 - PLANS AND PROCEDURES Threa
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102 4.2.17. Logistical support and
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104 B5 - LOGISTICAL SUPPORT AND FAC
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106 4.2.18. Training, drills and ex
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108 B6 - TRAINING, DRILLS AND EXERC
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110 B7 - QUALITY ASSURANCE Threat c
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Appendix 1 GENERIC INTERVENTION AND
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TABLE A1-III. GENERIC ACTION LEVELS
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Appendix 3 EMERGENCY WORKER GUIDANC
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Appendix 4 TYPICAL THREAT CATEGORIE
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Fuel cycle Practice Uranium milling
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Practice ≥ 2 100 MW(th) < 2 MW(th
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Practice Lost /stolen dangerous sou
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THREAT CATEGORY I AND II FACILITIES
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(2) At these radial distances there
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General emergency Emergency class d
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Site area emergency Emergency class
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Facility emergency Emergency class
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Appendix 7 ACTION GUIDES FOR RADIOL
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terrorist threats. — If public co
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— If public contamination or expo
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— If a device is found, implement
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command, operational safety, public
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— Conduct an investigation, in cl
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Damaged dangerous source Descriptio
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contaminated/exposed individuals an
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— Activate response using the ICS
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Radioactive satellite re-entry Radi
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Nuclear weapons accident Descriptio
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— Co-ordinate with the State resp
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— Evaluate all available informat
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Element A2.15). Incident investigat
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— Notify potentially affected Sta
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— Assess likely exposures of publ
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— Ensure operational guidance (OI
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Explosive radiological dispersal de
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needed (see Element A9.1) 77 . Radi
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— If a dangerous source is to be
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Intentional contamination of food/p
Page 185 and 186: • securing the scene against poss
Page 187 and 188: Appendix 8 DANGEROUS QUANTITIES OF
Page 189 and 190: Sources and material 105 Radionucli
Page 191 and 192: Appendix 9 INFORMATION NEEDS FOR TH
Page 193 and 194: Appendix 10 RESPONSE TIME OBJECTIVE
Page 195 and 196: Appendix 11 URGENT PROTECTIVE ACTIO
Page 197 and 198: A12.1 NATIONAL RADIATION EMERGENCY
Page 199 and 200: 2.6 Response communications (see El
Page 201 and 202: accomplished by use of a single spo
Page 203 and 204: List all major ministries and agenc
Page 205 and 206: A12.2 PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS O
Page 207 and 208: implementing procedures that will b
Page 209 and 210: 3.12 Financing operations See the o
Page 211 and 212: A12.3 FACILITY (ON-SITE) EMERGENCY
Page 213 and 214: 3.1 Notification, activation and re
Page 215 and 216: 4.7 Exercises 4.8 Quality assurance
Page 217 and 218: 2. NORMAL STANDING INSTRUCTIONS 2.1
Page 219 and 220: 10. STEPS (ACTIONS) List steps and
Page 221 and 222: Unity of command, where each person
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Page 225 and 226: planning for the long term and reco
Page 227 and 228: The medical and radiation protectio
Page 229 and 230: (1) command functions as part of th
Page 231 and 232: TABLE A14-I. RECOMMENDED EMERGENCY
Page 233 and 234: Facility/ location Functions Charac
Page 235: Appendix 15 EMERGENCY RADIATION RES
Page 239 and 240: A15.2 SUGGESTED SPECIFICATIONS FOR
Page 241 and 242: DET: DECONTAMINATION TEAM Expertise
Page 243 and 244: PST: IN-PLANT SURVEY TEAM Expertise
Page 245 and 246: LAB: LABORATORY FACILITIES - TEAM A
Page 247 and 248: The actual facilities, equipment an
Page 249 and 250: Appendix 17 CATEGORIZATION OF TERRO
Page 251 and 252: TABLE A17-I PROPOSED TERRORIST/CRIM
Page 253 and 254: PLAIN LANGUAGE STATEMENTS A/D< 0.01
Page 255 and 256: cleaned up would depend on many fac
Page 257 and 258: [15] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AG
Page 259 and 260: [55] INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AG
Page 261 and 262: ends when the situation is under co
Page 263 and 264: and directly (without further asses
Page 265 and 266: (4) A discovery of the loss or illi
Page 267 and 268: RAB RDD RF RMAC SPDS SRF T TLD TSC
Page 269 and 270: BENCHMARKS FOR INHALATION AI.5 Sele
Page 271 and 272: CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW
Page 273: da Silva, F. Sinkko, K.T.S. Smith,
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