Child Poverty in Mozambique. A Situation and Trend ... - Unicef

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Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), ‘Estatísticas de Crime e Justiça Moçambique 1998-1999’, Maputo, 2002. Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), Ministério da Saúde (MISAU), Ministério do Plano e Finanças (MPF), Centro de Estudos de População da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane (CEP) - UEM, Conselho Nacional de Combate ao HIV/SIDA (CNCS), Faculdade de Medicina – UEM, ‘Impacto Demográfico do HIV/SIDA em Moçambique - Actualização Ronda de Vigilãncia Epidemiológica 2002’, Maputo, Maio de 2004. Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), ‘Inquérito Demográfico e de Saúde 2003’, Maputo, Junho de 2005. Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), ‘Inquérito Integrado à Força de Trabalho (IFTRAB) 2004/2005. International Organisation for Migration (IOM), Regional Office for Southern Africa, ‘Seduction, Sale and Slavery: Trafficking in Women and Children for Sexual Exploitation in Southern Africa’, 3rd Edition, Pretoria, May 2003. Johnson, ‘Options Paper for Social Protection, Commissioned by the Royal Netherlands Embassy’, 2006. Kelly, M., ‘HIV and AIDS: A Justice Perspective’, Jesuit Centre for Theological Reflection, April 2006. Martel, P., ‘Vulnerability Assessment Committee Assessment, Additional Analysis’, Maputo, 2003. Maximiano, N., Bruing, L., Arndt, C. and Simler, K., ‘Qual foi a dinâmica dos determinantes da pobreza em Moçambique’, República de Moçambique, Ministério de Planificação e Desenvolvimento, Março de 2005. Ministério da Justiça (DPRN), Ministério da Mulher e da Coordenação da Acção Social (MMAS), ‘Plano de Acção Provincial para o Registo de Nascimentos em Moçambique’, República de Moçambique, Maputo, 2004. Ministério da Mulher e Acção Social, ‘Responsibilidades do Estado Moçambicano em Relação à Pessoa Portadora de Deficiência’, República de Moçambique Maputo, 2000. Ministério da Mulher e Acção Social (MMAS), Núcleo Multi-Sectorial de Coordenação para a Criança Órfã e Vulnerável; Termos de Referência, República de Moçambique, Maputo, Junho de 2005a. Ministério da Mulher e Acção Social, ‘Plano Nacional de Acção para a Criança’, República de Moçambique Maputo, Proposta, Fevereiro de 2005b. Ministério da Mulher e Acção Social, ‘Plano de Acção sobre a Década Africana da Pessoa Portadora de Deficiência’, I Sessão do Conselho Coordenador, Matola, Outobro de 2005c. Ministério da Mulher e Acção Social, ‘Plano de Acção para as Crianças Órfãs e Vulneráveis’, Maputo, 2006. CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE: A SITUATION AND TRENDS ANALYSIS 239
Ministry of Women and Co-ordination for Social Action, Mozambique Report Rapid Assessment, ‘Analysis and Action Planning Process for Orphans and Other Children made Vulnerable by HIV/AIDS’, Republic of Mozambique, Maputo, 2004a. Ministry of Women and Co-ordination for Social Action, UNAIDS, UNDP, United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and World Food Programme (WFP), ‘Rapid Assessment, Analysis and Action Plan Process for Orphans and Other Vulnerable Children in Mozambique’, Government of Mozambique, Maputo, 2004b. Ministry of Women and Social Action, ‘Functional Analysis’, (Draft), 2006. Mukonda, R., ‘Birth Registration in Mozambique’, Draft Concept Paper for Internal Use, Draft 3, Maputo, 2005. Nhate, V., ‘Orphans in Mozambique: Vulnerability, Trends, Determinants, Programme and Responses’, Government of Mozambique, Ministry of Planning and Development, Planning Directorate, Maputo, March 2005. Population Council, ‘Child Marriage Briefing: Mozambique’, Population Council, New York, 2004. POWER, MONASO and FAMOD, ‘HIV/SIDA e Deficiência’, Maputo, 2005. Republica de Moçambique, Lei da Família, Divisão 7, 2003. Republica de Moçambique, ‘Propuesta de Programa do Governo para 2005-2009’, Maputo, Marco de 2005a. República de Moçambique, Ministérios da Justiça e do Interior, ‘L’Anuário Estatístico do Sistema Prisional 2004’, Maputo, Junho de 2005b. República de Moçambique, Conselho de Ministros, ‘Proposta da Estratégia Anticorrupção, (2006-2010)’, Maputo, Abril 2006a. República de Moçambique, ‘Plano de Acção para a Redução da Pobreza Absoluta 2006-2009’ (PARPA II), Versão Final aprovada pelo Conselho de Ministros aos 02 de Maio de 2006, Maputo, Maio De 2006b. República de Moçambique, ‘Lei de Base de Protecção da Criança e do Adolescente’ (DRAFT), Maputo, 2006c. Save the Children Norway, ‘Relatório da Pesquisa sobre ‘A Criança em Conflito com a Lei’, Maputo, Setembro de 2003. Save the Children, CARE, MEC e REDE-CAME/FDC, ‘Relatório do Estudo sobre Abuso Sexual de Raparigas nas Escolas Moçambicanas’, 2005. Save the Children UK, ‘When someone is sick in the house, poverty has already entered: A research study on home-based care, Morrumbala Centre, Zambézia Province, Mozambique’, Zambezia, October 2003. Save the Children UK and Norway, ‘A Bridge across the Zambezi: What Needs to be Done for Children’, Maputo, March 2006a. 240 CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE: A SITUATION AND TRENDS ANALYSIS
Page 1:
CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE A S
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report on the
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CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………
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4. Access to schooling and attendan
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TABLES AND FIGURES List of tables T
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Figure 4.20: Estimated spending on
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GBS GDP GER GNI GoM HAART HDI HIPC
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MAP OF MOZAMBIQUE Zumbu Magoe M
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een strongly positive in recent yea
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Child protection concerns Chapter F
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vaccination or malaria campaigns, w
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1. Objective of the Situation Analy
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Box 1.1: Human rights conventions r
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of poverty, defined as: “Impossib
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Table 1.1: Deprivation-based indica
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The Ministries of Planning and Deve
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34 CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE:
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1. Introduction This chapter focuse
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Table 2.1: Progress towards the MDG
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3. Economic growth and macroeconomi
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Evidence as to what extent these
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The percentage of the population li
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Arndt et al. (2005) show that, on a
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B. Assessing childhood poverty In a
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Figure 2.9: Households living below
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severe deprivation. In the poorest
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The second PARPA for the period 200
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Box 2.3: Civil society engagement i
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A key cause of these weaknesses is
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One possible way forward in tacklin
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Box 2.4: Corruption and its impact
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(vi) Analysis of monitoring and rev
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There are two principal drivers beh
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This has troubling implications for
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70 CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE:
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1. Introduction Every child has the
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B. Severe nutrition deprivation amo
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Zambezia and Tete provinces. Severe
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If this downward trend continues, M
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Figure 3.5: Percentage of women rec
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Mozambique has achieved a continual
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The second reason is that deaths oc
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5. Childhood illnesses A major publ
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Figure 3.9: Malaria prevention: use
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The 2005 Nutrition Survey conducted
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Box 3.3: Combating measles and poli
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(ii) Stunting prevalence (chronic m
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Alarmingly high levels of stunting
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Figure 3.16: Underweight prevalence
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There are 86 known salt producers r
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Among children, there were no varia
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Box 3.5: Infant feeding in the cont
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highly in PARPA II, which sets a ta
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Table 3.3: Overview of PMTCT progra
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The reduction of mother-to-child tr
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It is only recently that paediatric
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100 Figure 3.22: Use of safe water
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A. Inequitable access to and fundin
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The 2004/2005 IFTRAB survey also su
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provincial level reported that only
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Table 3.4: Ministry of Health budge
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Figure 3.29: Total sector resources
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Figure 3.31: Indicative per capita
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The agenda for expanding water supp
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and was revised in 2005. The on-bud
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supported by key sector stakeholder
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1. Introduction Education is a fund
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B. Severe information deprivation a
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Secondary education consists of fiv
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Table 4.3: Gross and net enrolment
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Table 4.4: Gross enrolment ratio, a
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57 per cent, compared with a NER of
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DHS data show that the wealth level
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Figure 4.11: Distribution of 11-yea
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Lack of literacy is directly correl
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In addition, there is a serious gap
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The IAF showed that in 2002/3 expen
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Absenteeism is also common among te
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to the need for two or even three s
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The system is faced with a number o
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• The school represents or is a l
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(iv) Impact of natural disasters In
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The associated large off-budget res
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The Ministry of Education and Cultu
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sense of providing education for ev
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172 CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE
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I. Introduction All children have t
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involving children. 45 per cent of
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Box 5.1: Street children in Maputo:
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Girls at greatest risk of abuse wer
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The aspirations expressed by the yo
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Against this background, Caia and C
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“Trafficking in women and childre
Page 189 and 190: Mozambique, girls aged 15-19 in the
Page 191 and 192: The survey indicates that 32 per ce
Page 193 and 194: Figure 5.5: School attendance among
Page 195 and 196: • Labour law does not define the
Page 197 and 198: - To use child labour (children age
Page 199 and 200: from their parents. Thus, the law d
Page 201 and 202: C. Birth registration - guaranteein
Page 203 and 204: such as hospitals and schools for b
Page 205 and 206: Sofala province also accounts for t
Page 207 and 208: Evidence points to worrying increas
Page 209 and 210: Figure 5.9: Primary school attendan
Page 211 and 212: activities to strengthen the capaci
Page 213 and 214: The responsibility for implementing
Page 215 and 216: 214 CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE
Page 217 and 218: Conclusions Mozambique is one of Af
Page 219 and 220: planning in Mozambique, and has the
Page 221 and 222: 7- Implementing social communicatio
Page 223 and 224: Form of Severe Deprivation Food Wat
Page 225 and 226: ANNEX II Calendar of the planning,
Page 227 and 228: ANNEX IV State Budget recurrent and
Page 229 and 230: REFERENCES AND MATERIALS CONSULTED
Page 231 and 232: Deaton, A., Ruiz-Castilo, J., and T
Page 233 and 234: Klasen, S. and Woltermann, S., ‘T
Page 235 and 236: Government of Mozambique, ‘Progra
Page 237 and 238: World Bank (WB), ‘World Developme
Page 239: World Bank (WB), ‘Mozambique Publ
Page 243: United Nations Children’s Fund (U
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