Child Poverty in Mozambique. A Situation and Trend ... - Unicef
Child Poverty in Mozambique. A Situation and Trend ... - Unicef
Child Poverty in Mozambique. A Situation and Trend ... - Unicef
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Table 3.1: Percentage of children with severe health <strong>and</strong> nutrition deprivations<br />
Prov<strong>in</strong>ce<br />
Percentage of children with<br />
severe health deprivation<br />
Percentage of children with<br />
severe nutrition deprivation<br />
Niassa 28 22<br />
Cabo Delgado 11 32<br />
Nampula 19 22<br />
Zambezia 34 26<br />
Tete 11 20<br />
Manica 10 18<br />
Sofala 17 21<br />
Inhambane 12 12<br />
Gaza 6 14<br />
Maputo 3 4<br />
Maputo City 13 6<br />
Area of Residence<br />
Urban 8 11<br />
Rural 21 23<br />
Level of education of<br />
the household head<br />
No education 24 25<br />
Primary education 15 19<br />
Secondary <strong>and</strong> higher 7 7<br />
Wealth <strong>in</strong>dex qu<strong>in</strong>tile<br />
Poorest 31 27<br />
Second poorest 19 23<br />
Middle 14 22<br />
Second best-off 6 14<br />
Best-off 7 7<br />
Total 17 20<br />
Source: INE/MPD/UNICEF 2005, additional analysis of the DHS 2003<br />
C. Severe deprivation of water <strong>and</strong> sanitation among children<br />
The water deprivation <strong>in</strong>dicator is the proportion of children under 18 years of<br />
age who only have access to surface water (e.g. rivers) for dr<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g or who live <strong>in</strong><br />
households where the nearest source of water is more than 30 m<strong>in</strong>utes away. The<br />
sanitation deprivation <strong>in</strong>dicator is the proportion of children under 18 years of age<br />
who have no access to a toilet of any k<strong>in</strong>d <strong>in</strong> the vic<strong>in</strong>ity of their dwell<strong>in</strong>g, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g<br />
communal toilets or latr<strong>in</strong>es.<br />
Overall, 49 per cent of children face severe water deprivation <strong>and</strong> 47 per cent face<br />
severe sanitation deprivation, mak<strong>in</strong>g water <strong>and</strong> sanitation the most widespread<br />
deprivations faced by children <strong>in</strong> <strong>Mozambique</strong>. 69 per cent of households with<br />
children <strong>in</strong> the poorest wealth qu<strong>in</strong>tile face severe water deprivation, as compared<br />
with only 11 per cent <strong>in</strong> the best off qu<strong>in</strong>tile. Most strik<strong>in</strong>gly, 100 per cent of children<br />
<strong>in</strong> the poorest qu<strong>in</strong>tile face severe sanitation deprivation compared to only 4 per<br />
cent <strong>in</strong> the best-off households. In urban areas, 25 per cent of children face severe<br />
water deprivation <strong>and</strong> 18 per cent face severe sanitation deprivation. In rural areas,<br />
severe water <strong>and</strong> sanitation deprivation among children reaches 61 per cent. Severe<br />
water deprivation varies from 3 per cent <strong>in</strong> Maputo City to over 60 per cent <strong>in</strong> Gaza,<br />
CHILDHOOD POVERTY IN MOZAMBIQUE: A SITUATION AND TRENDS ANALYSIS<br />
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