Eighth to the Sixteenth Century - Rashid Islamic Center

Chronology of Events • xxvGhiyath ud-Din Kashi (d. 1429) astronomer andmathematician who worked at Samarqand Observatory1453 Ottomans took Constantinople1455 Papal Bull authorized Roman Catholics to “reduce toservitude all infidels”1492 Christians took Granada; Muslim states ended in Spain;more than a million volumes of Muslim works on science,philosophy, and culture were burnt in the public square ofVivarrambla in Granada1498 Vasco Da Gama in India with the help of the Arab Muslimnavigator Ahmad Ibn Majid (b. 1432) who wrote theencyclopedic Kitab al-Fawa’id fi Usul ‘Ilm al-Bahr wa’l-Qaw’id (Book of Useful Information on the Principles and Rulesof Navigation)Sixteenth Centuryca. 1500–1700 The height of power of the three post-Abbasid empiresa) Ottoman Empire (1299-1924);b) Safavid Empire (1501 to 1736);c) Mughal Empire (1526-1857)1528 Sankore University founded in TimbuktuSeventeenth Century1602 Dutch East India Company foundedMulla Sadra (d. 1641), the most important Muslimphilosopher of the post-Ibn Sina era, the author of the FourIntellectual Journeys1683 Siege of Vienna by Turks1688 Fall of Belgrade to OttomansEighteenth Century1707 Mughal Emperor Awrangzeb died