Energy and Human Ambitions on a Finite Planet, 2021a

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20 Adaptation Strategies 328 20.1 Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328 20.2 Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 20.2.1 Predicament, not Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 20.3 Guidelines for Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 20.3.1 Overall Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 20.3.2 <strong>Energy</strong> Assessment Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334 20.3.3 Quantitative Footprint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 20.3.4 Dietary <strong>Energy</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 20.3.5 Flexitarianism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 20.3.6 Discretionary Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342 20.4 Values Shifts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 20.5 Flexibility in Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 20.6 Upshot on Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 20.7 Problems (Predicaments?) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 Epilogue 350 Image Attributions 354 Changes <strong>and</strong> Corrections 356 V Appendices 358 A Math <strong>and</strong> Equations 359 A.1 Relax on the Decimals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 A.2 Forget the Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 A.3 Areas <strong>and</strong> Volumes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 A.4 Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 A.5 Integer Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 A.6 Fractional Powers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 A.7 Scientific Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367 A.8 Equation Hunting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 A.9 Equation Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 A.10 Units Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 A.11 Just the Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 B Chemistry Primer/Refresher 375 B.1 Moles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375 B.2 Stoichiometry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376 B.3 Chemical <strong>Energy</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 B.4 Ideal Gas Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 C Selected Answers 383 D Alluring Tangents 392 D.1 Edge of the Universe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
D.2 Cosmic <strong>Energy</strong> Conservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393 D.2.1 Cosmological Exception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 D.2.2 Convoluted Conservation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 D.2.3 Lost to Heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 D.3 Electrified Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 D.3.1 Airplanes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 D.3.2 Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 D.3.3 Long-haul trucking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 D.3.4 Buses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 D.3.5 Passenger Cars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 D.3.6 Wired Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 D.3.7 Collected Efficiencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 D.4 Pushing Out the Moon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 D.5 <strong>Human</strong>ity’s Long View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 D.5.1 Success vs. Failure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 D.5.2 Sustainable Living . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 D.5.3 Time to Grow Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 D.5.4 Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 D.6 Too Smart to Succeed? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 D.6.1 Evolution’s Biggest Blunder? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411 Bibliography 412 Notation 420 Glossary 422 Alphabetical Index 439
Page 2 and 3: UC San Diego Energy</strong
Page 4 and 5: Copyright: © 2021 T. W. Murphy, Jr
Page 7 and 8: v Preface: Before Taking the Plunge
Page 9 and 10: vii to internalize (“own") the co
Page 11 and 12: facilitating a quick return to the
Page 13 and 14: xi Contents Preface: Before Taking
Page 15 and 16: 8.4 Fossil Fuel Pros and</s
Page 17: 15.4.8 Pros and Co
Page 22 and 23: 2 1 Exponential Growth Huma
Page 24 and 25: 1 Exponential Growth 4 The populati
Page 26 and 27: 1 Exponential Growth 6 case we get:
Page 28 and 29: 1 Exponential Growth 8 10 13 <stron
Page 30 and 31: 1 Exponential Growth 10 the impossi
Page 32 and 33: 1 Exponential Growth 12 which we ca
Page 34 and 35: 1 Exponential Growth 14 3. Our exam
Page 36 and 37: 1 Exponential Growth 16 22. Adapt E
Page 38 and 39: 2 Economic Growth Limits 18 But res
Page 40 and 41: 2 Economic Growth Limits 20 perhaps
Page 42 and 43: 2 Economic Growth Limits 22 theoret
Page 44 and 45: 2 Economic Growth Limits 24 2.3 Phy
Page 46 and 47: 2 Economic Growth Limits 26 who wan
Page 48 and 49: 2 Economic Growth Limits 28 Just be
Page 50 and 51: 30 3 Population Underlying virtuall
Page 52 and 53: 3 Population 32 In more recent year
Page 54 and 55: 3 Population 34 which is really jus
Page 56 and 57: 3 Population 36 Definition 3.2.3 Ov
Page 58 and 59: 3 Population 38 halfway to the limi
Page 60 and 61: 3 Population 40 50 Niger Birth rate
Page 62 and 63: 3 Population 42 Figure 3.14: Absolu
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3 Population 48 began to climb, lea
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3 Population 50 think that is (hint
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3 Population 52 22. The set of diag
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54 4 Space Exploration vs. Coloniza
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4 Space Colonization 56 Body Symbol
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4 Space Colonization 58 scale of th
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4 Space Colonization 60 4.3 A Host
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4 Space Colonization 62 Hum
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4 Space Colonization 64 4.5 Upshot:
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4 Space Colonization 66 Americans g
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Summary of Current Charges (See pag
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5 Energy a
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5 Energy a
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5 Energy a
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5 Energy a
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5 Energy a
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5 Energy a
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5 Energy a
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84 6 Putting Thermal Energy
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6 Putting Thermal Energy</s
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102 7 The Energy L
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7 The Energy L<str
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7 The Energy L<str
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7 The Energy L<str
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7 The Energy L<str
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7 The Energy L<str
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114 8 Fossil Fuels We are now ready
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8 Fossil Fuels 116 ultimately consi
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8 Fossil Fuels 118 16 14 12 gas 2 T
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8 Fossil Fuels 120 barrel of crude
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8 Fossil Fuels 122 Note that fossil
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8 Fossil Fuels 124 problem of uncer
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8 Fossil Fuels 126 4. Increased dif
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8 Fossil Fuels 128 rate at which it
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8 Fossil Fuels 130 The U.S. experie
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8 Fossil Fuels 132 Box 8.3: Resourc
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8 Fossil Fuels 134 scarcity <strong
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8 Fossil Fuels 136 occupies 7.4 mL
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138 9 Climate Change Climate change
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9 Climate Change 140 When the measu
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9 Climate Change 142 80 CO2 ppmV an
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9 Climate Change 144 (p. 10) that t
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9 Climate Change 146 change, but a
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9 Climate Change 148 9.3 Possible T
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9 Climate Change 150 140 CO2 ppmV a
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9 Climate Change 152 directly escap
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9 Climate Change 154 component math
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9 Climate Change 156 1880, sea leve
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9 Climate Change 158 The last chapt
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9 Climate Change 160 skeptic” who
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9 Climate Change 162 forcing is 3
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164 10 Renewable Overview We now un
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10 Renewable Overview 166 The sun w
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10 Renewable Overview 168 Treating
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10 Renewable Overview 170 Source qB
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10 Renewable Overview 172 sun overh
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11 Hydroelectric Energy</st
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184 12 Wind Energy
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12 Wind Energy 186
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12 Wind Energy 188
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12 Wind Energy 190
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12 Wind Energy 192
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12 Wind Energy 194
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12 Wind Energy 196
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13 Solar Energy 19
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13 Solar Energy 20
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13 Solar Energy 20
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13 Solar Energy 20
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13 Solar Energy 20
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13 Solar Energy 20
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13 Solar Energy 21
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13 Solar Energy 21
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13 Solar Energy 21
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13 Solar Energy 21
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13 Solar Energy 21
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13 Solar Energy 22
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13 Solar Energy 22
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13 Solar Energy 22
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13 Solar Energy 22
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14 Biological Energy</stron
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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15 Nuclear Energy
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16 Small Players 276 0.1 W/m 2 , ma
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16 Small Players 278 heat to diffus
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16 Small Players 280 not expect geo
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16 Small Players 282 almost 200 tim
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16 Small Players 284 It’s not an
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16 Small Players 286 16.5 Hydrogen
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16 Small Players 288 5. What are yo
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17 Comparison of Alternatives 290 v
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17 Comparison of Alternatives 292 p
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17 Comparison of Alternatives 294 <
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17 Comparison of Alternatives 296 T
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17 Comparison of Alternatives 298 I
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17 Comparison of Alternatives 300 T
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17 Comparison of Alternatives 302 5
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304 18 Human Facto
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18 Human Factors 3
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18 Human Factors 3
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18 Human Factors 3
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18 Human Factors 3
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18 Human Factors 3
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316 19 A Plan Might Be Welcome Havi
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19 A Plan Might Be Welcome 318 ther
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19 A Plan Might Be Welcome 320 Box
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19 A Plan Might Be Welcome 322 econ
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19 A Plan Might Be Welcome 324 In e
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19 A Plan Might Be Welcome 326 19.4
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328 20 Adaptation Strategies We mad
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20 Adaptation Strategies 330 debate
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20 Adaptation Strategies 332 the en
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20 Adaptation Strategies 334 20.3.2
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20 Adaptation Strategies 336 Exampl
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20 Adaptation Strategies 338 Exampl
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20 Adaptation Strategies 340 Defini
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20 Adaptation Strategies 342 Since
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20 Adaptation Strategies 344 2. kee
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20 Adaptation Strategies 346 Try mo
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20 Adaptation Strategies 348 a) lap
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350 Epilogue This book may be distr
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Epilogue 352 ◮ Fossil fuels are a
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354 Image Attributions 1. Cover Pho
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356 Changes and Co
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Part V Appendices
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A.1 Relax on the Decimals 360 What
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A.3 Areas and Volu
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A.4 Fractions 364 Figure A.1: Paral
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A.6 Fractional Powers 366 writing t
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A.8 Equation Hunting 368 to perform
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A.10 Units Manipulation 370 Looks l
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A.10 Units Manipulation 372 we soug
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A.11 Just the Start 374 useful foun
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B.2 Stoichiometry 376 other element
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B.2 Stoichiometry 378 + C + O 2 CO
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B.3 Chemical Energy</strong
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B.4 Ideal Gas Law 382 Example B.4.2
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C Selected Answers 384 10. May help
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C Selected Answers 386 19. Twice, t
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C Selected Answers 388 Chapter 11 1
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C Selected Answers 390 13. Box bare
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Alluring Tangents D This Appendix c
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D.2 Cosmic Energy
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D.2 Cosmic Energy
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D.3 Electrified Transport 398 Box 1
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D.3 Electrified Transport 400 It is
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D.4 Pushing Out the Moon 402 D.3.6
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D.5 Humanity’s L
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D.5 Humanity’s L
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D.6 Too Smart to Succeed? 408 Can i
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D.6 Too Smart to Succeed? 410 as we
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412 Bibliography References are in
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414 [30] International Space Statio
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416 [63] NASA. The NASA Earth’s <
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418 [97] D A Pfeiffer. Eating Fossi
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420 Notation This list describes se
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422 Glossary AC alternating current
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424 thing as a kilocalorie. Note th
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426 demographic transition refers t
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428 EROEI Energy R
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430 specific heat capacity is 4,184
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432 kWh kilowatt-hour. 76, 159, 214
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434 parts per million by mass (ppm
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436 refinement is the process by wh
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438 triton is the nucleus of tritiu
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440 fossil fuel intensity, 138 hist
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442 heat pump, 99, 297 geothermal e
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444 capacity factor, 216, 217 cell
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Energy and Human Ambitions on a Finite Planet, 2021a

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