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dar sugestiile lui Brunt si colab. de a evalua activitatea<br />
inflamatorie globala si stadiul fibrozei par a fi cele mai<br />
sensibile si reproductibile. Acest sistem de gradare sau<br />
unul asemanator este cel mai probabil a fi adoptat in mod<br />
international pentru evaluarea histologica a bolii.<br />
Gradarea si stadializarea Brunt a leziunilor histopatologice<br />
din steatohepatita non–alcoolica [6]<br />
Gradarea steatozei<br />
Grad 1– sub 33% dintre hepatocite afectate<br />
Grad 2– intre 33 si 66% hepatocite afectate<br />
Grad 3 – peste 66% hepatocite afectate<br />
Gradarea steatohepatitei<br />
Grad 1 – Usoara: Steatoza predominant macroveziculara,<br />
implicand pana la 66% dintre lobuli; Balonizare<br />
observata ocazional, afecteaza hepatocitele zonei 3; Inflamatie<br />
lobulara acuta difuza si usoara (polimorfonucleare);<br />
ocazional inflamatie cronica (mononucleare)<br />
Grad 2– Moderata: Steatoza de orice grad, de obicei<br />
macro si microveziculara; Balonizare neta si prezenta in zona<br />
3; Inflamatie lobulara mai extinsa, celule polimorfonucleare<br />
ce pot fi descrise in asociere cu hepatocitele balonizate,<br />
fibroza pericelualara, inflamatie cronica usoara.Inflamatie<br />
portala usoara sau moderata.<br />
Grad 3 – Severa: Steatoza afecteaza characteristic peste<br />
66% dintre lobuli (panacinar), de obicei este macro–si<br />
microveziculara; Balonizare marcata, predominanata in zona<br />
3; Inflamatie lobulara acuta si cronica difuza; polimorfonuclearele<br />
pot fi concentrate in ariile de balonizare din zona 3 si<br />
fibroza perisinusoidala. Inflamatie portala usoara sau moderata.<br />
Stadializarea fibrozei<br />
Stadiul 1 – fibroza perivenulara in zona 3, perisinusoidala,<br />
pericelualara, focala sau extinsa; Stadiul 2 – ca in<br />
stadiul 1, cu fibroza periportala focala sau extinsa; Stadiul<br />
3– bridging necrosis focala sau extinsa; Stadiul 4 – ciroza.<br />
In definitia originala a steatohepatitei non–alcoolice,<br />
Ludwig si colab. nu au precizat diferente intre aspectele<br />
histologice ale steatohepatitei alcoolice sau non–alcoolice.<br />
Un pacient tanar fara semne pozitive de boala hepatica dar<br />
cu aspect ecografic de steatoza si persitenta valorilor<br />
crescute de ALAT poate sa nu fie neaparat supus unei<br />
biopsii hepatice in afara includerii intr–un trial clinic. Oliver<br />
F.W.James sugereaza in „Textbook of Gastroenterology”<br />
sub redactia Yamada Takada ca biopsia nu este necesara<br />
la pacienti sub 40 ani pentru a confirma steatohepatita,<br />
exceptand cazul in care exista indicatii clinice pentru<br />
aceasta. Autorul sustine ca sub 40 de ani biopsia nu<br />
evidentiaza informatii importante referitoare la prognosticul<br />
bolii si, in prisma cunostintelor actuale despre evolutia<br />
afectiunii dar si despre incapacitatea ecografiei de a distinge<br />
steatoza de inflamatie/fibroza, recomanda biopsia hepatica<br />
la toti pacientii peste 50 ani pentru a obtine informatii despre<br />
stadializarea /gradarea bolii si pentru a formula un prognostic<br />
cat mai exact al evolutiei pacientului. [6]<br />
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„<strong>Sibiul</strong> <strong>Medical</strong>“ Volum 19 Nr. 4/2007 15