Final Report of the International Commission on the - Minority Rights ...

Radu Theodoru, Mareşalul, Editura Miracol, Bucharest, 2001, p. 38.
Coja, Marele manipulator, op.cit, p. 184.
Totuşi iubirea, no. 12, April 2-9, 1992.
Larry L. Watts, op.cit, pp. 392-393.
România mare, June 22, 2001.
Ibid., October 25, 1991.
Interview on <strong>the</strong> OTV channel, July 31, 2002. In <strong>the</strong> same interview, Tudor questioned <strong>the</strong> death <strong>of</strong> six
million Jews in <strong>the</strong> Holocaust.
Ha’aretz-English edition, July 25, 2003, www.haaretzdaily.com. Romanian transcription <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>
interview in <strong>the</strong> daily Evenimentul zilei, August 26, 2003.
Michael Shafir, “Negation <strong>the</strong> Top,” loc. cit.
Realitatea evreiască, no. 49-50, April 16-May 15, 1977.
România liberă, March 7, 1998.
See Alexandra Laignel-Lavastine, Fascisme et communisme en Roumanie: enjeux et usage d'une
comparaison, in Henry Rousso (sous la direction de), Stalinisme et nazisme: Histoire et mémoire
comparées, Bruxelles, Editions Complexe, 1999, p. 201-246.
Paul Goma, “Basarabia şi «problema»,” Vatra, no. 3-4, 2002, pp. 43-41 and no. 5-6, 2002, pp. 32-
46, as well as Jurnalul literar, no. 5-10, March-April-May 2002, p. 1, 8-9; Idem, Basarabia, Editura
“Jurnalul literar,” Bucharest, 2002; Idem, Săptămâna roşie 28 iunie – 3 iulie 1940 sau Basarabia şi
evreii, Museum, Chişinău, 2003 and Editura Vremea XXI, Bucharest, 2004;
HISTORICAL FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
HISTORICAL FINDINGS
Statement <strong>of</strong> Fact and Responsibility
The Holocaust was <strong>the</strong> state-sponsored systematic persecution and annihilation <strong>of</strong> European Jewry by
Nazi Germany, its allies, and collaborators between 1933 and 1945. Not only Jews were victimized
during this period. Persecution and mass arrests were perpetrated against ethnic groups such as Sinti and
Roma, people with disabilities, political opponents, homosexuals, and o<strong>the</strong>rs.
A significant percentage <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Romanian Jewish community was destroyed during World War II.
Systematic killing and deportation were perpetrated against <strong>the</strong> Jews <strong>of</strong> Bessarabia, Bukovina, and
Dorohoi County. Transnistria, <strong>the</strong> part <strong>of</strong> occupied Ukraine under Romanian administration, served
Romania as a giant killing field for Jews.
The <strong>Commission</strong> concludes, toge<strong>the</strong>r with <strong>the</strong> large majority <strong>of</strong> bona fide researchers in this field, that
<strong>the</strong> Romanian authorities were <strong>the</strong> main perpetrators <strong>of</strong> this Holocaust, in both its planning and
implementation. This encompasses <strong>the</strong> systematic deportation and extermination <strong>of</strong> nearly all <strong>the</strong> Jews <strong>of</strong>
Bessarabia and Bukovina as well some Jews from o<strong>the</strong>r parts <strong>of</strong> Romania to Transnistria, <strong>the</strong> mass
killings <strong>of</strong> Romanian and local Jews in Transnistria, <strong>the</strong> massive execution <strong>of</strong> Jews during <strong>the</strong> Iasi
pogrom; <strong>the</strong> systematic discrimination and degradation applied to Romanian Jews during <strong>the</strong> Antonescu
administration—including <strong>the</strong> expropriation <strong>of</strong> assets, dismissal from jobs, <strong>the</strong> forced evacuation from
rural areas and concentration in district capitals and camps, and <strong>the</strong> massive utilization <strong>of</strong> Jews as forced
laborers under <strong>the</strong> same administration. Jews were degraded solely on account <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir Jewish origin,
losing <strong>the</strong> protection <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> state and becoming its victims. A portion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Roma population <strong>of</strong> Romania
was also subjected to deportation and death in Transnistria.