The China Sea directory - Sabrizain.org

onAP.T.] BATAVIA. 279
"The Naval establishments are onOnrngt and Kuiper. inlands. -Seeipage 283.
''
Pbt)tilation.—The population! ofBatavia :(iiicluding ; the suburbs) iri
about, 170,000, cottiprisiiig 6,000 Europimns, 24,000 Chinese, and 140,000
Javanese, Malays, and other- natives, i' ;, ,
Cliliiate.^The lower town of Batavia is rendered .unhealthy l)y3tKei
exhalations ffota "the marshes which extend along the jforeshoKe, of .the
bay. Inland the island is more healthy. Batavia fever pre^ailff at the
chWBge*^' the- monsoons, more particularly about October, ,the latter part
(rfthe'^py seasoa. Vessels intending to make a long stay in the road are
reeOHiraended: to-'anchidr well off shore, tgiavoid .as much as possible the
miasma thrown off shore by the land wind. Sleeping- on shsore should be
avoided.* The mean temperature, morning and evening,- is from 70° to 74°
at 'noon from 80° to 8^°, occasionally rising to 90°yi- The north-west-
ndfonsoon begins abotit the 'beginning of N«veBa!ber, and with, its strongs
winds and heavyrains greatly-cool the ^atmeephere. The climate- is moist^
and rain falls during eVery month of theyear, the' ^eateat.falls occurring
from December to March, and the least from July to September.
Cholera in an epidemic form carried off 48,000 persons in Java and
Madura during the four months ending December 1881.
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'•Trad©;—The principal exports are sugar, coffee, -rice, tea, -indigOj-
tobacco, tin, rattans, spices, and- chinchona bark * the imports are, cotton
goods,' coal, iron, copper, lead, earthenware and spirits.
The aggregate value- of exports for the island of Java (1885) was •
9,330,000/. ; and imports 4,352,000/.
Shipping.—The total arrival of vessels at Batavia in the year 1884,
including. coasting craft-, amounted- to 909 of 1,900,000 tons,, the departures
to 915; of these 170 were British, and 663 Dutch.
Telegraphs.—Batavia is in connexion by electric telegi-aph with
the principal towns in Java, and by submarine cables ;with all parts of the
world. With Europe by -way- of Singapore ; with -Australia, by cable from
Banjouwangie to port Darwin ; and with Sumatra, by cable from Anjer
to Kalianda.
Hails.—Direct communication is maintairied between Batavia and
Holland by three -lines of steamers, one of which, the Netherland Steam
Navigation Company despatch a steamer every 10 days. A fortnightly
mail service is maintained with Singapore; the monthly steamers of the
Queensland Royal Mail line, carrying the mails from Aden call here, and
a French company run steamers every three weeks between Java and
Marseilles ; there are also intermediate steamers.
Supplies of all kinds may be procured at Batavia ; poultry, excellent
fruit, and vegetables are plentiful and moderate in price, water is distilled
f- Quarantme station, see page 284.. ,.