Grove's dictionary of music and musicians

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SOLO STOP SOMERVELL 503
of the full Great organ can be similarly enriched Juin 13, 1748, setatis 63. VoUig geendiget.'
dum at the end of the work is G. ' F. Handel; choral works, 'A Song of Praise ' (Kendal, 1891);
by coupling the solo reeds. In instruments The words of the oratorio are supposed to be by
which contain a Vox humana, that stop is Dr. Morell ; but this is not certain. It was produced
perhaps more often found associated with the
at Covent Garden Theatre, March 17,
Swell-manual than with the Solo-manual ; hut 1749, 'with a Concerto," and was revived by
when placed on the solo organ its pipes are Sir G. Smart at Exeter Hall, April 14, 1836.
generally shut up in a separate box with The Sacred Harmonic Society followed, Dec. 3,
Venetian shutters worked by a second swellpedal.
When composition-pedals are made to ments, April 8, 1870. G.
1838 ; and with Costa's additional accompani-
act upon the Swell, Great, and Choir organs, it SOLOVIEV, Nicholas Theopemptovich,
is evidently wise to make the combinations they born May 9 (April 27, O.S.), 1846, at Petrozavodsk.
produce proceed as gradually as possible from
He was intended for the medical
piano to fortissiino. But this simple principle profession, but entered the St. Petersburg
is not applicable to the combinations or rather Conservatorium in 1868, eventually passing into
selections of solo-stops which are made by means Zaremba's class for composition. In 1871,
of composition -pedals or pistons. The difficulty Serov, being then upon his deathbed, entrusted
seems, however, to be overcome by a method the orchestration of his music -drama, 'The
suggested some years ago by the writer of this Power of Evil,' to Soloviev. About this time
article : namely, to arrange them in the order his symphonic picture, Russians and Mongols,'
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in which the instruments are found in a modern was given at one of the concerts of the Russian
full-score. Thus, six combination-pedals would Musical Society. In ,1874, Soloviev became a
act on the solo-stops in the following system : professor at the St. Petersburg Conservatorium.
(1) Stops of Flute-tone.
Of his three operas Cordelia ' ' is the best known,
(2) Stops of Oboe-tone.
ha-ving been widely performed in Russia, and
(3) Stops of Clarinet and Bassoon tones. also at Prague in 1890. Other compositions
(4) Stops of Horn-tone.
comprise a Cantata for the bi- centenary of the
(5) Stops of Trumpet and Trombone tones. birth of Peter the Great ; an Orchestral Fantasia
(6) Stops of Violin and Viola tones.
on a folk-song ; and a number of songs and
This method, which is at once simple and pieces for pianoforte. As a critic, Soloviev has
exhaustive, might be indefinitely extended written for the Novoe Vremya, Novosti, Rossia,
thus, for example, a carillon, drum, or triangle, ete. He is also well known as a collector of
would be produced by a composition-pedal or folk-songs.
K. N.
piston lying between the trumpet-stops and
_
SOMBREE. Voix somirSe is the French
violin-stops ; and a vox humana would naturally term for the veiled voice or voce velata, in contradistinction
follow after stops of the violin-tone. Smaller
to the voix claire. [See Veiled
solo organs would probably be easily brought Voice.] g.
under control by combination-pedals or pistons SOMERVELL, Akthue, bom at Windermere,
acting on
June 5, 1863, was educated at Upping-
(1) Flute.
ham School from 1877, and Cambridge (King's
(2) Oboe.
College), where he took the degree of B.A. in
(3) Clarinet.
1883. During his residence at the university
(4) Trumpet.
he studied •with Stanford, and on taking his
The Solo organ is an introduction of modern degree he went to Berlin to study at the Hochsclmle,
times, and followed naturally upon the invention
where his masters were Kiel and Bargiel.
of pipes closely imitating the tones of Returning to England in 1885 he entered the
orchestral instruments. J. s. Royal College of Music, and after two years there
SOLO STOP. (1) A stop or register of a solo became a private pupil of Parry in 1887. His
organ or fourth manual. (2) Any stop which charmingly graceful songs obtained a wide popularity,
but his first ambitious introduction to the
can be used as a solo—that is, in single notes,
e.g. a clarinet on the choir organ ; a cornopean, world of serious music was in his Mass in C
hautboy, or other reed on the swell organ ; a minor, performed by the Bach Choir in 1891.
olarabella or flute on either of the three manuals In March 1893 the Philharmonic Society performed
great, swell, or choir. The name Solo stop does
his orchestral ballad, 'Helen of Kirk-
not necessarily imply that full chords may not connell,' and with his first important work for
be used upon it. [See Solo Organ.] j. s. an important festival, The Forsaken Merman
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SOLOMOIT. I. A serenata by William Boyce, (Leeds Festival, 1895), he took a position among
to words by Edward Moore, produced 1743. the most accomplished composers of the day.
The song Softly ' rise, southern breeze was
' In 1901 he was appointed Inspector of Music
popular for many years.
for England, Wales, and Scotland, in succession
IL An oratorio of Handel's ; composed between
to Stainer. He took the degree of Mus.D. at
'Alexander Balus' and 'Theodora.' It Cambridge in 1 903. Besides the works already
was begun on May 5, 1748, and the memoran-
mentioned, his list of compositions includes