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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design - Webs

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The Use and <strong>Design</strong> of Passive <strong>Circuit</strong> Elements in IC Technologies<br />

Figure 5.20 Equivalent circuits for the case where (a) the side with the underpass is grounded;<br />

(b) the underpass is not grounded; and (c) the circuit is driven differentially.<br />

differentially is clearly better. In addition, in this case, the Q keeps rising to a<br />

higher frequency and higher overall value.<br />

5.17 Layout of Spiral Inductors<br />

The goal of any inductor layout is to design a spiral inductor of specified<br />

inductance, with Q optimized for best performance at the frequency of interest.<br />

In order to achieve this, careful layout of the structure is required. The resistance<br />

of the metal lines causes the inductor to have a high series resistance, limiting<br />

its performance at low frequencies, while the proximity of the substrate causes<br />

substrate loss, raising the effective resistance at higher frequencies. Large coupling<br />

119

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