Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design - Webs

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Power Amplifiers in class A (input is +5 dBm), the second stage operates in class AB, and the last two stages operate as switching circuits to deliver substantial power with relatively high efficiency. (Note that class C amplifiers are also high efficiency, however, only at low conduction angles; thus they provide high efficiency only at low power levels.) Measured results with a 2.5V power supply showed output power of 1W (30 dBm) with a power added efficiency of 42%. References [1] Fowler, T., et al., ‘‘Efficiency Improvement Techniques at Low Power Levels for Linear CDMA and WCDMA Power Amplifiers,’’ Proc. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, Seattle, WA, May 2001, pp. 41–44. [2] Staudinger, J., ‘‘An Overview of Efficiency Enhancements with Applications to Linear Handset Power Amplifiers,’’ Proc. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, Seattle, WA, May 2001, pp. 45–48. [3] Grebennikov, A. V., ‘‘Switched-Mode Tuned High-Efficiency Power Amplifiers: Historical Aspect and Future Prospect,’’ Proc. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, Seattle, WA, May 2001, pp. 49–52. [4] Krauss, H. L., C. W. Bostian, and F. H. Raab, Solid State Radio Engineering, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1980. [5] Cripps, S. C., RF Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications, Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1999. [6] Albulet, M., RF Power Amplifiers, Atlanta, GA: Noble Publishing, 2001. [7] Kenington, P. B., High Linearity RF Amplifier Design, Norwood, MA: Artech House, 2000. [8] Sokal, N. O., and A. D. Sokal, ‘‘Class E: A New Class of High Efficiency Tuned Single- Ended Power Amplifiers,’’ IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, SC-10, No. 3, June 1975, pp. 168–176. [9] Sowlati, T., and D. Leenaerts, ‘‘A 2.4GHz, 0.18�m CMOS Self-Biased Cascode Power Amplifier with 23dBm Output Power,’’ Proc. International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Feb. 2002, pp. 294–295. [10] Shinjo, S., et al., ‘‘A 20mA Quiescent Current CV/CC Parallel Operation HBT Power Amplfier for W-CDMA Terminals,’’ Proc. Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symposium, Seattle, May 2001, pp. 249–252. [11] Pothecary, N., Feedforward Linear Power Amplifiers, Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1999. [12] Yoo, C., and Q. Huang, ‘‘A Common-Gate Switched 0.9W Class E Power Amplifier with 41% PAE in 0.25�m CMOS,’’ IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, May 2001, pp. 823–830. [13] Kuo, T., and B. Lusignan, ‘‘A 1.5W Class-F RF Power Amplifier in 0.25�m CMOS Technology,’’ Proc. International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Feb. 2001, pp. 154–155. 399
400 Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design [14] Su, D., et al., ‘‘A 5GHz CMOS Transceiver for IEEE 802.11a Wireless LAN,’’ Proc. ISSCC, Feb. 2002, pp. 92–93. [15] Aoki, I., et al., ‘‘A 2.4-GHz, 2.2-W, 2-V Fully Integrated CMOS Circular-Geometry Active-Transformer Power Amplifier,’’ Proc. Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, May 2001, pp. 57–60. [16] Su, D., and W. McFarland, ‘‘A 2.5-V, 1-W Monolithic CMOS RF Power Amplifier,’’ Proc. Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, May 1997, pp. 189–192.
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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit
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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit
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Contents Foreword xv Acknowledgment
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Contents 3.8 Base Shot Noise Discus
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Contents 5.25 Packaging 135 5.25.1
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Contents 7.12 General Design Commen
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Contents 9.5 Some Simple Image Reje
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Foreword I enjoyed reading this boo
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Foreword estimates of parasitic cap
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xx Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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2 Radio Frequency Integrated Circui
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2 Issues in RFIC Design, Noise, Lin
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Issues in RFIC Design, Noise, Linea
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The input noise is Issues in RFIC D
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2.5 Filtering Issues Issues in RFIC
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3 A Brief Review of Technology 3.1
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A Brief Review of Technology IC = I
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3.4 Small-Signal Model A Brief Revi
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3.6 High-Frequency Effects A Brief
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A Brief Review of Technology If thi
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A Brief Review of Technology Soluti
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A Brief Review of Technology 3.8 Ba
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A Brief Review of Technology • Pi
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A Brief Review of Technology 3.16,
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A Brief Review of Technology The tr
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4 Impedance Matching 4.1 Introducti
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Impedance Matching Z 2 = Z in + j
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Figure 4.5 A Smith chart. Impedance
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4.3 Impedance Matching Impedance Ma
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Impedance Matching Figure 4.9 Which
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Impedance Matching Figure 4.11 Lowp
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Impedance Matching section, convers
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Impedance Matching Much as in the p
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Impedance Matching Note that dots i
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Impedance Matching Thus, in the fir
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Impedance Matching The exact resist
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Impedance Matching 4.10 Quality Fac
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Impedance Matching Example 4.7 Matc
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Impedance Matching line to change w
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Impedance Matching S22 = b 2 a2 | a
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Impedance Matching without the need
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96 Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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100 Radio Frequency Integrated Circ
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Voltage-Controlled Oscillators back
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I C_AVE = 1 Voltage-Controlled Osci
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Voltage-Controlled Oscillators Loop
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Voltage-Controlled Oscillators freq
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Voltage-Controlled Oscillators from
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Voltage-Controlled Oscillators [10]
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Page 370 and 371: 10 Power Amplifiers 10.1 Introducti
Page 372 and 373: Power Amplifiers where G is the pow
Page 374 and 375: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.4 Optima
Page 376 and 377: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.8 Power
Page 378 and 379: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.9 Curren
Page 380 and 381: Power Amplifiers The efficiency is
Page 382 and 383: Power Amplifiers sinusoid), this pe
Page 384 and 385: Power Amplifiers Note that this agr
Page 386 and 387: Power Amplifiers stabilization. The
Page 388 and 389: Power Amplifiers Solution The first
Page 390 and 391: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.22 Class
Page 392 and 393: Figure 10.24 Class E waveforms. Pow
Page 394 and 395: Power Amplifiers B = 0.1836 0.81Q R
Page 396 and 397: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.25 Initi
Page 398 and 399: Power Amplifiers added to the funda
Page 400 and 401: Power Amplifiers 10.8.1 Variation o
Page 402 and 403: Example 10.4 Class F Power Amplifie
Page 404 and 405: Figure 10.36 Class H amplifier. Pow
Page 406 and 407: Power Amplifiers ered quite good. O
Page 408 and 409: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.39 Time-
Page 410 and 411: Figure 10.42 High-Q matching circui
Page 412 and 413: Figure 10.44 Multiple transistors.
Page 414 and 415: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.48 Combi
Page 416 and 417: Power Amplifiers have very narrow b
Page 418 and 419: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.53 Feedf
Page 422 and 423: About the Authors John Rogers recei
Page 424 and 425: Index 1-dB compression point, 30-32
Page 426 and 427: Index Damped resonator, 247-48 Emit
Page 428 and 429: Index Local oscillator, 5 Mixing co
Page 430 and 431: Index Quadrature phase shift keying
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