Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design - Webs

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High-Frequency Filter Circuits inside the transistor model starts to dominate, then these transistors will need to be made bigger. The inductor L was chosen so that L = 1 nH and the Q was assumed to be 10. This generated a parallel resistance across the resonator of 440� at 7 GHz. This meant that the capacitors were initially sized so that C = 1.03 pF for a center frequency of 7 GHz. In simulation, they were adjusted to be 825 fF to account for parasitic capacitance. Since the resonator had a loss from the inductor of 440� this meant that 2/g m = 440�. Thus, IC = 114 �A and therefore I sharp = 227 �A. Note that this simple analysis does not take into account transistor losses such as base resistance or output resistance. Through simulation, this current was refined to 337 �A. A plot of the gain with this current in the resonator is shown in Figure 9.18. This shows a very deep notch that reaches a depth of about −55 dB. Of course, even with feedback, this current will never be able to be set with absolute precision. If the current varies by 5% either to 328.6 or 345.4 �A, then the notch depth drops to 28 dB, as shown in Figure 9.19. The noise figure of this design was also simulated and was found to rise to 2.7 dB. Table 9.1 also shows these numbers for direct comparison of the two designs. Finally, the design was simulated with increasing input voltage to find out how large the signal could be made before the image rejection started to degrade. The current Isharp was set to 345 �A and the voltage at the notch frequency was raised slowly in a transient simulation. As shown in Figure 9.20, image rejection in this design starts to degrade at about 1 mV. This is still a very small signal. Thus, work still needs to be done to increase the signal handling of this design. One thing that would help would be if the resonator Figure 9.18 Simulated S 21 for the LNA with notch filter. 345
346 Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design Figure 9.19 Simulated S 21 for the LNA with notch filter showing the effect of imperfect adjustment of Isharp . Figure 9.20 Simulated image rejection versus input voltage. had a lower Q, then the ac current would become a smaller percentage of the total; also, as described previously, transformers could be used or degeneration resistors could be added to the resonator. References [1] Macedo, J., and M. A. Copeland, ‘‘A 1.9 GHz Silicon Receiver with Monolithic Image Filtering,’’ IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 33, March 1998, pp. 378–386.
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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit
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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit
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Contents Foreword xv Acknowledgment
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Contents 3.8 Base Shot Noise Discus
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Contents 5.25 Packaging 135 5.25.1
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Contents 7.12 General Design Commen
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Contents 9.5 Some Simple Image Reje
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Foreword I enjoyed reading this boo
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Foreword estimates of parasitic cap
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xx Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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2 Radio Frequency Integrated Circui
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2 Issues in RFIC Design, Noise, Lin
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Issues in RFIC Design, Noise, Linea
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The input noise is Issues in RFIC D
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2.5 Filtering Issues Issues in RFIC
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3 A Brief Review of Technology 3.1
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A Brief Review of Technology IC = I
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3.4 Small-Signal Model A Brief Revi
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3.6 High-Frequency Effects A Brief
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A Brief Review of Technology If thi
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A Brief Review of Technology Soluti
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A Brief Review of Technology 3.8 Ba
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A Brief Review of Technology • Pi
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A Brief Review of Technology 3.16,
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A Brief Review of Technology The tr
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4 Impedance Matching 4.1 Introducti
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Impedance Matching Z 2 = Z in + j
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Figure 4.5 A Smith chart. Impedance
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4.3 Impedance Matching Impedance Ma
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Impedance Matching Figure 4.9 Which
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Impedance Matching Figure 4.11 Lowp
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Impedance Matching section, convers
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Impedance Matching Much as in the p
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Impedance Matching Note that dots i
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Impedance Matching Thus, in the fir
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Impedance Matching The exact resist
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Impedance Matching 4.10 Quality Fac
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Impedance Matching Example 4.7 Matc
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Impedance Matching line to change w
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Impedance Matching S22 = b 2 a2 | a
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Impedance Matching without the need
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96 Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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98 Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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100 Radio Frequency Integrated Circ
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Page 323: 302 Radio Frequency Integrated Circ
Page 326 and 327: Voltage-Controlled Oscillators back
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Page 338: Voltage-Controlled Oscillators [10]
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Page 370 and 371: 10 Power Amplifiers 10.1 Introducti
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Page 378 and 379: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.9 Curren
Page 380 and 381: Power Amplifiers The efficiency is
Page 382 and 383: Power Amplifiers sinusoid), this pe
Page 384 and 385: Power Amplifiers Note that this agr
Page 386 and 387: Power Amplifiers stabilization. The
Page 388 and 389: Power Amplifiers Solution The first
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Page 392 and 393: Figure 10.24 Class E waveforms. Pow
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Page 402 and 403: Example 10.4 Class F Power Amplifie
Page 404 and 405: Figure 10.36 Class H amplifier. Pow
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Page 412 and 413: Figure 10.44 Multiple transistors.
Page 414 and 415: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.48 Combi
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Power Amplifiers have very narrow b
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Power Amplifiers Figure 10.53 Feedf
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Power Amplifiers in class A (input
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About the Authors John Rogers recei
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Index 1-dB compression point, 30-32
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Index Damped resonator, 247-48 Emit
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Index Local oscillator, 5 Mixing co
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Index Quadrature phase shift keying
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