Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design - Webs

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High-Frequency Filter Circuits Figure 9.12 How the filter is damped without diminishing image rejection. To start an oscillation, I sharp_opt = 2v T R E 2 g m = R E // R S Therefore, for oscillations to start, a current of Isharp_osc = 2vT (R E + R S ) R E R S is required. The ratio of these two currents is then given by Isharp_osc Isharp_opt = 1 + R E R S 333 (9.21) (9.22) (9.23) (9.24) Thus, if the source resistance is smaller than the tank resistance R E , then the tank can be safely tuned to provide infinite Q and still have ample damping. However, if the tank resistance is smaller than the source resistance, then even a small error in tuning the tank to infinite Q could result in oscillation, but this is usually not the case. 9.5 Some Simple Image Rejection Formulas Image rejection with passband filters has already been discussed. The notch filter’s natural application is image rejection as well, so it is useful to develop
334 Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design some simple formulas for the image rejection they provide. For the circuit of Figure 9.9, the gain in the stop band G SB is given by R − G SB =−gm1RL�R − =−g m1RL� R − g m3 � 2 C 1C2 g m3 � 2 C 1C2 Isharp R − + 1 g m2� � 2 C 1C2vT Isharp � 2 C 1C2vT and the gain in the passband G PB is approximately G PB =−g m1RL + 1 g m2� (9.25) (9.26) It is assumed that the passband is sufficiently far away that the series resonator is essentially an open circuit there. Therefore, the image rejection (IR) provided by this filter is IR = 20 log | G | R − PB G SB | = 20 log I sharp � 2 C 1C 2v T Isharp R − � 2 C 1C2vT | + 1 g m2 (9.27) If Isharp can be tuned to perfectly cancel the loss in the resonator, this circuit can have perfect image rejection. In practice, the accuracy to which Isharp can be set will limit the image rejection available from this circuit. Example 9.4 Effect of Process Tolerance on Image Rejection Assume that the current Isharp in the circuit of Figure 9.9 can be set to an accuracy of 1%. Determine the image rejection that can be expected from this circuit. Assume that Q 1 and Q 2 are biased at 3 mA and that the loss in the resonator is 5�. Solution In this case, we assume that Isharp will take on a value of Isharp = � 2 C 1C2vT R �
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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit
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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit
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Contents Foreword xv Acknowledgment
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Contents 3.8 Base Shot Noise Discus
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Contents 5.25 Packaging 135 5.25.1
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Contents 7.12 General Design Commen
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Contents 9.5 Some Simple Image Reje
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Foreword I enjoyed reading this boo
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Foreword estimates of parasitic cap
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xx Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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2 Radio Frequency Integrated Circui
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2 Issues in RFIC Design, Noise, Lin
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Issues in RFIC Design, Noise, Linea
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The input noise is Issues in RFIC D
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2.5 Filtering Issues Issues in RFIC
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3 A Brief Review of Technology 3.1
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A Brief Review of Technology IC = I
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3.4 Small-Signal Model A Brief Revi
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3.6 High-Frequency Effects A Brief
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A Brief Review of Technology If thi
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A Brief Review of Technology Soluti
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A Brief Review of Technology 3.8 Ba
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A Brief Review of Technology • Pi
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A Brief Review of Technology 3.16,
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A Brief Review of Technology The tr
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4 Impedance Matching 4.1 Introducti
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Impedance Matching Z 2 = Z in + j
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Figure 4.5 A Smith chart. Impedance
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4.3 Impedance Matching Impedance Ma
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Impedance Matching Figure 4.9 Which
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Impedance Matching Figure 4.11 Lowp
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Impedance Matching section, convers
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Impedance Matching Much as in the p
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Impedance Matching Note that dots i
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Impedance Matching Thus, in the fir
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Impedance Matching The exact resist
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Impedance Matching 4.10 Quality Fac
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Impedance Matching Example 4.7 Matc
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Impedance Matching line to change w
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Impedance Matching S22 = b 2 a2 | a
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Impedance Matching without the need
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96 Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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98 Radio Frequency Integrated Circu
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100 Radio Frequency Integrated Circ
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Page 323: 302 Radio Frequency Integrated Circ
Page 326 and 327: Voltage-Controlled Oscillators back
Page 328 and 329: I C_AVE = 1 Voltage-Controlled Osci
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Page 332 and 333: Voltage-Controlled Oscillators freq
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Page 338: Voltage-Controlled Oscillators [10]
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Page 370 and 371: 10 Power Amplifiers 10.1 Introducti
Page 372 and 373: Power Amplifiers where G is the pow
Page 374 and 375: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.4 Optima
Page 376 and 377: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.8 Power
Page 378 and 379: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.9 Curren
Page 380 and 381: Power Amplifiers The efficiency is
Page 382 and 383: Power Amplifiers sinusoid), this pe
Page 384 and 385: Power Amplifiers Note that this agr
Page 386 and 387: Power Amplifiers stabilization. The
Page 388 and 389: Power Amplifiers Solution The first
Page 390 and 391: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.22 Class
Page 392 and 393: Figure 10.24 Class E waveforms. Pow
Page 394 and 395: Power Amplifiers B = 0.1836 0.81Q R
Page 396 and 397: Power Amplifiers Figure 10.25 Initi
Page 398 and 399: Power Amplifiers added to the funda
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Page 402 and 403: Example 10.4 Class F Power Amplifie
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Figure 10.36 Class H amplifier. Pow
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Power Amplifiers ered quite good. O
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Power Amplifiers Figure 10.39 Time-
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Figure 10.42 High-Q matching circui
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Figure 10.44 Multiple transistors.
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Power Amplifiers Figure 10.48 Combi
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Power Amplifiers have very narrow b
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Power Amplifiers Figure 10.53 Feedf
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Power Amplifiers in class A (input
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About the Authors John Rogers recei
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Index 1-dB compression point, 30-32
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Index Damped resonator, 247-48 Emit
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Index Local oscillator, 5 Mixing co
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Index Quadrature phase shift keying
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