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Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design - Webs

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LNA <strong>Design</strong><br />

Figure 6.31 Illustration of nonlinearity in the common-collector amplifier.<br />

If this is the case, then there will be no clipping of the waveform.<br />

The linearity can be improved by increasing IB or R out. This will continue<br />

to improve performance as long as power supply voltage is large enough to<br />

allow this swing. Thus, for large R out, the power supply limits the voltage swing<br />

and therefore the linearity. In this case, the current is not a limiting factor.<br />

6.5 Differential Pair (Emitter-Coupled Pair) and Other<br />

Differential Amplifiers<br />

Any of the amplifiers that have already been discussed can be made differential<br />

by adding a mirrored copy of the original and connecting them together at the<br />

points of symmetry so that voltages are no longer referenced to ground, but<br />

rather swing plus or minus relative to each other. While this is hard to describe,<br />

it is easy to show an example of a differential common-emitter amplifier (more<br />

commonly called a differential pair or emitter-coupled pair) in Figure 6.32. Here<br />

the bias for the stage is supplied with a current source in the emitter. Note that<br />

Figure 6.32 Differential common-emitter amplifier or emitter-coupled pair.<br />

183

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