REFERENCE MANUAL - FTP Directory Listing - Trimble

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CHAPTER 6 RF LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS 6 In this chapter: • General Recommendations • Design considerations for RF Track Topologies • PCB Considerations This chapter outlines RF design considerations for the Copernicus GPS Receiver. Copernicus GPS Receiver 69
6 RF LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS General Recommendations The design of the RF transmission line that connects the GPS antenna to the Copernicus GPS Receiver is critical to system performance. If the overall RF system is not implemented correctly, the Copernicus GPS Receiver performance may be degraded. The radio frequency (RF) input on the Copernicus GPS module is a 50 ohm, unbalanced input. There are ground castellations, pins 2 and 4, on both sides of the RF input castellation, on pin 3. This RF input may be connected to the output of an LNA which has a GPS antenna at its input or to a passive antenna via a low-loss 50 ohm, unbalanced transmission line system. In the case where the GPS antenna must be located any significant distance from the Copernicus GPS Receiver, the use of an LNA at the antenna location is necessary to overcome the transmission losses from the antenna to the Copernicus GPS module. It is recommended that in the case of a passive antenna, the transmission line losses from the antenna to the module be less than 2 dB. Otherwise an LNA should be added to the system. The specifications for the external LNA required can be determined as follows. The specification of noise figure for the Copernicus GPS module is 3 dB at room temperature and 4 dB over the temperature range −40 C to ±85 C. The noise figure for this external LNA should be as low as possible, with a recommended maximum of 1.5 dB. It is recommended that the gain of this LNA exceed the loss as measured from the LNA output to the module input by 10 dB. For example, if the loss from the external LNA output is 10 dB, the recommended minimum gain for the LNA is 20 dB. In order to keep losses at the LNA input to a minimum, it is recommended that the antenna be connected directly to the LNA input, with as minimum loss as possible. Connections to either the LNA output or to a passive antenna must be made using a 50 ohm unbalanced transmission system. This transmission system may take any form, such as microstrip, coaxial, stripline or any 50 ohm characteristic impedance unbalanced, low-loss system. It is important to keep any noise sources with frequencies at or near 1575 MHz away from the RF input. In the case of a passive antenna, it is important that the antenna is not placed in a noisy location (such as too close to digital circuitry) or performance may be degraded. Shielded transmission line systems (stripline, coaxial) may be used to route this signal if noise ingress is a concern. If an active antenna is used and it is desired to power this antenna from the RF transmission line, a bias-tee will be required at the Copernicus GPS module end. A simple series inductor (that is parallel resonant at 1575 MHz) and shunt capacitor (series resonant at 1575 MHz) to which the bias voltage is supplied is sufficient. An open/short detection and over current protection circuit may also be employed. Please see Chapter 5, APPLICATION CIRCUITS. 70 Copernicus GPS Receiver
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REFERENCE MANUAL Copernicus GPS Re
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Corporate Office Trimble Navigation
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Table of Contents Table of Contents
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Table of Contents 7 MECHANICAL SPEC
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Table of Contents Command Packet 0x
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Table of Contents X1 Extended Statu
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CHAPTER 1 STARTER KIT 1 In this cha
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STARTER KIT 1 Starter Kit The Coper
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STARTER KIT 1 Figure 1.3 USB Cable
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STARTER KIT 1 Interface Connections
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STARTER KIT 1 Removing the Referenc
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STARTER KIT 1 Quick Start Guide 1.
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STARTER KIT 1 Trimble GPS Monitor T
Page 28 and 29: STARTER KIT 1 4. Click the Device M
Page 30 and 31: STARTER KIT 1 Connect to the GPS Re
Page 32 and 33: STARTER KIT 1 Configure GPS Ports 1
Page 34 and 35: STARTER KIT 1 Configure PPS Output
Page 36 and 37: STARTER KIT 1 Creating a Log Follow
Page 38 and 39: STARTER KIT 1 3. Select one of the
Page 40 and 41: CHAPTER 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 In
Page 42 and 43: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 Block Diagram
Page 44 and 45: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 Electrical El
Page 46 and 47: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 Absolute Mini
Page 48 and 49: PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 Power Consump
Page 50 and 51: CHAPTER 3 INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS
Page 52 and 53: INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS 3 Pin Des
Page 54 and 55: INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS 3 Table 3
Page 56 and 57: INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS 3 Serial
Page 58 and 59: INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS 3 Acquiri
Page 60 and 61: INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS 3 Enablin
Page 62 and 63: CHAPTER 4 OPERATING MODES 4 In this
Page 64 and 65: OPERATING MODES 4 Changing the Run/
Page 66 and 67: OPERATING MODES 4 Serial Port Activ
Page 68 and 69: OPERATING MODES 4 Saving Almanac, E
Page 70 and 71: CHAPTER 5 APPLICATION CIRCUITS 5 In
Page 72 and 73: APPLICATION CIRCUITS 5 Figure 5.2 P
Page 74 and 75: APPLICATION CIRCUITS 5 • Antenna
Page 76 and 77: APPLICATION CIRCUITS 5 Following is
Page 80 and 81: RF LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS 6 In the p
Page 82 and 83: RF LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS 6 PCB Cons
Page 84 and 85: RF LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS 6 Striplin
Page 86 and 87: CHAPTER 7 MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Page 88 and 89: MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS 7 Solderi
Page 90 and 91: MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS 7 Paste M
Page 92 and 93: CHAPTER 8 PACKAGING 8 In this chapt
Page 94 and 95: PACKAGING 8 Reel The 13-inch reel t
Page 96 and 97: CHAPTER 9 SHIPPING and HANDLING 9 I
Page 98 and 99: SHIPPING and HANDLING 9 Moisture Pr
Page 100 and 101: SHIPPING and HANDLING 9 Recommended
Page 102 and 103: SHIPPING and HANDLING 9 Grounding t
Page 104 and 105: CHAPTER 10 COPERNICUS REFERENCE BOA
Page 106 and 107: COPERNICUS REFERENCE BOARD 10 IMAGE
Page 108 and 109: COPERNICUS REFERENCE BOARD 10 Refer
Page 114 and 115: CHAPTER 11 FIRMWARE UPGRADE 11 In t
Page 116 and 117: FIRMWARE UPGRADE 11 Firmware Binary
Page 118 and 119: FIRMWARE UPGRADE 11 Pseudo-Code Exp
Page 120 and 121: FIRMWARE UPGRADE 11 Error Recovery
Page 122 and 123: FIRMWARE UPGRADE 11 Packet ID - 0x8
Page 124 and 125: FIRMWARE UPGRADE 11 Packet ID - 0x8
Page 126 and 127: FIRMWARE UPGRADE 11 Loading Firmwar
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APPENDIX A TRIMBLE STANDARD INTERFA
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TRIMBLE STANDARD INTERFACE PROTOCOL
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APPENDIX B TRIMBLE ASCII INTERFACE
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TRIMBLE ASCII INTERFACE PROTOCOL (T
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APPENDIX C NMEA 0183 C In this appe
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NMEA 0183 C The NMEA 0183 Communica
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NMEA 0183 C Note - Spaces are only
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NMEA 0183 C General NMEA Parser Req
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NMEA 0183 C Table C.4 Copernicus GP
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NMEA 0183 C GLL - Geographic Positi
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NMEA 0183 C RMC - Recommended Minim
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NMEA 0183 C AH - Almanac Health Thi
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NMEA 0183 C AS - Almanac Status Thi
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NMEA 0183 C EP - Ephemeris This sen
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NMEA 0183 C IO Ionosphere This sent
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NMEA 0183 C PS - PPS Configuration
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NMEA 0183 C RT - Reset This sentenc
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NMEA 0183 C Table C.29 SG - Set Bit
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NMEA 0183 C TF - Receiver Status an
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NMEA 0183 C VR - Version This sente
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