Digital Electronics: Principles, Devices and Applications

Troubleshooting Digital Circuits and Test Equipment 703DisplayVXIComputerPlug-insMainframeFigure 16.44VXI-bus computer inside the hardware mainframe.16.19.2.4 Instrument HardwareThe instrument hardware comprises of sensors and other hardware components that acquire the dataand condition it to a level and form so that it can be processed in the computer to extract the desiredresults.Review Questions1. Briefly outline the different steps involved in the troubleshooting of digital circuits. In what possibleways can an internal open or short circuit in a digital IC manifest itself?2. Why is the troubleshooting of sequential logic circuits a more cumbersome task than in the caseof combinational logic? Explain with the help of a suitable illustration.3. Briefly describe commonly used methods of diagnosing faulty ROM and RAM devices.4. Distinguish between an analogue storage oscilloscope and a digital storage oscilloscope. Brieflydescribe the major performance specifications of analogue and digital scopes.5. With reference to a digital storage oscilloscope, briefly explain the following:(a) How does the effective sampling rate depend upon the acquisition memory?(b) What do you understand by real-time sampling and equivalent-time sampling?(c) What is the difference between bandwidth and sampling rate?6. Briefly describe the counter architecture when it is used in:(a) frequency measurement mode;(b) time interval measurement mode.7. What are reciprocal counters? How does a reciprocal counter provide a much higher resolutioneven when the frequency of the signal is very low?8. Briefly describe the following with respect to frequency counters:(a) bandwidth;(b) resolution;