Digital Electronics: Principles, Devices and Applications

xContents5.3.6 Low-Power Schottky TTL (74LS/54LS) 1365.3.7 Advanced Low-Power Schottky TTL (74ALS/54ALS) 1375.3.8 Advanced Schottky TTL (74AS/54AS) 1395.3.9 Fairchild Advanced Schottky TTL (74F/54F) 1405.3.10 Floating and Unused Inputs 1415.3.11 Current Transients and Power Supply Decoupling 1425.4 Emitter Coupled Logic (ECL) 1475.4.1 Different Subfamilies 1475.4.2 Logic Gate Implementation in ECL 1485.4.3 Salient Features of ECL 1505.5 CMOS Logic Family 1515.5.1 Circuit Implementation of Logic Functions 1515.5.2 CMOS Subfamilies 1655.6 BiCMOS Logic 1705.6.1 BiCMOS Inverter 1715.6.2 BiCMOS NAND 1715.7 NMOS and PMOS Logic 1725.7.1 PMOS Logic 1735.7.2 NMOS Logic 1745.8 Integrated Injection Logic (I 2 L) Family 1745.9 Comparison of Different Logic Families 1765.10 Guidelines to Using TTL Devices 1765.11 Guidelines to Handling and Using CMOS Devices 1795.12 Interfacing with Different Logic Families 1795.12.1 CMOS-to-TTL Interface 1795.12.2 TTL-to-CMOS Interface 1805.12.3 TTL-to-ECL and ECL-to-TTL Interfaces 1805.12.4 CMOS-to-ECL and ECL-to-CMOS Interfaces 1835.13 Classification of Digital ICs 1835.14 Application-Relevant Information 184Review Questions 185Problems 185Further Reading 1876 Boolean Algebra and Simplification Techniques 1896.1 Introduction to Boolean Algebra 1896.1.1 Variables, Literals and Terms in Boolean Expressions 1906.1.2 Equivalent and Complement of Boolean Expressions 1906.1.3 Dual of a Boolean Expression 1916.2 Postulates of Boolean Algebra 1926.3 Theorems of Boolean Algebra 1926.3.1 Theorem 1 (Operations with ‘0’ and ‘1’) 1926.3.2 Theorem 2 (Operations with ‘0’ and ‘1’) 1936.3.3 Theorem 3 (Idempotent or Identity Laws) 1936.3.4 Theorem 4 (Complementation Law) 1936.3.5 Theorem 5 (Commutative Laws) 1946.3.6 Theorem 6 (Associative Laws) 1946.3.7 Theorem 7 (Distributive Laws) 195