Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding

568 INDEX
purity test, 446
pyrimidines, 47
QTL mapping, 251
qualitative variation, 83
definition, 121
polygenes and polygenic inheritance,
123
quantitative traits, 122
see also Variation
quality protein maize (QPM), 406–409
quantitative genetics, 121–127
quantitative (polygenic) inheritance,
123
quantitative trait loci (QTLs), 250
quantitative traits, 122, 127
quantitative variation, 84
see also variation
r-line, 346
random amplified polymorphic DNA
(RAPD), 248
random mating, 111, 115
random sampling, 147
randomization, 148, 429
recalcitrant seed, 98
recessive (recessivity), 39
recessive mutation, 201
recognition sequence (site), 232
recombinant, 45
recombinant DNA, 29
recombination frequency, 45
recurrent mass selection, 136
recurrent selection, 136, 310
concept, 314
genetic basis, 315
types, 315
regeneration, 222
registered seed, 436, 441
regulation of biotechnology, 270–275
biosafety regulation at international
level, 274
concept of substantial equivalence,
272
concept of precautionary principle,
273
labeling of biotech products, 274
Reid, R., 7
replicated tests, 430
replication, 49, 148, 429
reporter genes, 235
reproduction, 55–74
alternation of generation, 56
asexual, 62
mode, 55
sexual, 56
types, 56
types of flowers, 58
reproductive isolation barriers, 171–178
overcoming challenges, 173
resistance (disease), 368, 370
breeding strategies, 373
durable resistance, 371
gene pyramiding, 374
genetic resistance, 371
genetics, 372
horizontal resistance, 371, 375
pest resistance, 373
polygenic resistance, 374
vertical resistance, 371
vertifolia effect, 375
response to selection, 130
restriction enzymes (restriction
endonucleases), 232
restriction fragment length
polymorphism (RFLP), 248
reverse mutation, 200
ribosomes, 49
rice breeding, 498–507
risk analysis, 264–269
salinity stress breeding, 398
salt tolerance, 399
sample, 147
sample mean, 149
second division restitution (SDR),
216
secondary gene pool, 89
sectorial mutants, 206
seed certification, 435, 441, 445,
447
seed germination test, 445
seed industry, 436
seed testing, 445
seedlessness (breeding), 414
segmental alloploids, 216, 221
selection, 6, 18, 113
index, 133
intuitive index, 134
modes, 115
for multiple traits, 133
response in breeding, 130–134
selection differential, 131
selection index, 133
selective (preferential) pairing, 219
selfed family selection, 319
self-incompatibility, 68
self-pollinated, 60
semidwarfs, 363
sequence characterized amplified
regions (SCAR), 249
sequence tagged sites (STS), 249
sexual hybridization, 164
shattering resistance, 362
shoot culture, 183
short-day plants, 364
silent mutation, 202
Simmonds, N.W., 23
simple linear regression, 152
simple sequence repeats (SSR), 249
single-cell selection, 193
single cross, 170
single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP),
249
single-seed descent, 297–303
site-directed mutagenesis, 83
somaclonal variation, 188, 193
see also variation
somatic embryogenesis, 183
somatic hybridization, 185
sorghum breeding, 509–518
southern hybridization, 232
soybean breeding, 519–527
spike, 59
spontaneous mutation, 200
stability analysis, 423–425
stabilizing selection, 115
stamen, 58
standard deviation, 150
standard error of the mean, 151
statistical hypothesis, 147
statistical significance, 147
statistics, 146–162
analysis of variance, 154
chi-square test, 153
coefficient of variation, 151
experimental design, 148
hypothesis, 147
measures of central tendency, 149
measures of dispersion, 150
multivariate statistics, 155–161
normal distribution, 150
population versus sample, 147
probability, 149
simple linear regression, 152
t-test, 153
structural genes, 52
structural mutation, 200
substantial equivalence, 272
supernumerary chromosomes, 229
suspension culture, 182
synteny, 53
synthetic cultivars, 327
synthetic seed, 184
t-test, 153
tagging commercial seed, 446
tandem selection, 133