Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding

332 CHAPTER 17
Agrawal, R.L. 1998. Fundamentals of plant breeding and hybrid
seed production. Science Publishers, Inc., Enfield, NH.
Avey, D.P., H.W. Ohm, F.L. Patterson, and W.E. Nyquist.
1982. Three cycles of simple recurrent selection for early
heading in winter wheat. Crop Sci. 15:908–912.
Burton, J.W., and C.A. Brim. 1981. Recurrent selection in
soybeans III: Selection for increased percent oil in seeds.
Crop Sci. 21:31–34.
Chahal, G.S., and S.S. Gosal. 2000. Principles and procedures
of plant breeding: Biotechnological and conventional
approaches. CRC Press, New York.
Dudley, J.W. 1964. A genetic evaluation of methods of utilizing
heterozygosis and dominance in autotetraploids. Crop
Sci. 4:410–413.
Dudley, J.W. (ed.). 1974. Seventy generations of selection for
oil and protein in maize. Crop Science Society of America,
Madison, WI.
Dudley, J.W., and R.J. Lambert. 1992. Ninety generations of
selection for oil and protein in maize. Maydica 37:81–87.
Fehr, W.R. 1987. Principles of cultivar development.
McMillan, New York.
Part A
Please answer the following questions true or false:
References and suggested reading
Outcomes assessment
Feng, L., J.W. Burton, T.E. Carter Jr., and V.R. Pantalone.
2004. Recurrent half-sib selection with testcross evaluation
for increased oil content in soybean. Crop Sci. 44:63–69.
Hallauer, A.R. 1985. Compendium of recurrent selection
methods and their applications. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 3:1–33.
Hayward, M.D., N.O. Bosemark, and I. Romagosa (eds).
1993. Plant breeding: Principles and prospects. Chapman
& Hall, London.
Narro, L., S. Pandey, J. Crossa, C. DeLeon, and F. Salazar.
2003. Using line × tester interaction for the formation of
yellow maize synthetics tolerant to acid soils. Crop Sci.
43:1718–1728.
Poehlman, J.M., and D.H. Slepper. 1995. Breeding field
crops. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
Sumarno, T., and W.R. Fehr. 1982. Response to recurrent
selection for yield in soybean. Crop Sci. 22:295–299.
Vogel, K.P., and J.F. Pedersen. 1993. Breeding systems
for cross-pollinated perennial grasses. Plant Breed. Rev.
11:251–274.
Wilcox, J.R., and I.F. Cavins. 1995. Backcrossing high seed
protein to a soybean cultivar. Crop Sci. 35:1036–1041.
1 The synthetic method of cultivar breeding is suitable for cross-pollinated species.
2 The highest yield performance is obtained in the syn-1 generation.
3 A polycross evaluates specific combining ability.
4 The theoretical optimum of parents to include in a synthetic is about 10–15.
5 Additive gene action is considered more important than dominance genotypic variance for the optimum performance of
synthetic cultivars.
6 The success of a recurrent selection program depends on the genetic nature of the base population.
7 The ear-to-row breeding in corn is equivalent to full-sib selection.
8 Combining ability is important in the half-sib selection method of breeding.
9 Half-sib selection is based on maternal plant selection.
10 In full-sib selection, both parents in a cross are known.
Part B
Please answer the following questions:
1 Why is it more practical to release syn-2 rather than syn-1 seed to farmers?
2 Give a specific disadvantage of synthetic breeding.
3 Why is the Latin square design a preferred layout of a polycross nursery?
4 Define a synthetic cultivar.
5 Mass selection as applied to cross-pollinated species is also called ………………….
6 In recurrent selection the base population is designated cycle ………