Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding

384 CHAPTER 20
(Hayward, M.D., N.O. Bosemark, and I. Ramagosa, eds).
Chapman & Hall, London.
Parlevliet, J.E. 1981. Disease resistance in plants and its consequences
for plant breeding. In: Plant breeding II (Frey,
K.J., ed.). Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA.
Powles S.B., C. Preston, I.B. Bryan, and A.R. Jutsum. 1997.
Herbicide resistance: Impact and management. Adv.
Agron. 58:57–93.
Simmonds, N.W. 1985. A plant breeder’s perspective of
durable resistance. FAO Plant Protein Bull. 33:13–17.
Part A
Please answer the following questions true or false:
Outcomes assessment
1 Major gene resistance is durable.
2 Most of the viruses that affect plants are RNA viruses.
3 The genes for Bt products were obtained from bacteria.
4 Vertical resistance is conditioned by numerous minor genes.
Part B
Please answer the following questions:
Simmonds, N.W. 1991. Genetics of horizontal resistance to
diseases of crops. Biol. Rev. 66:189–241.
Simmonds, N.W. 1993. Introgression and incorporation
strategies for the use of crop genetic resources. Biol. Rev.
68:539–562.
Smith, G.M. 1989. Plant resistance to insects: A fundamental
approach. Wiley, New York.
1 ………………………………….. is the concept of transferring several specific genes into one plant.
2 What is durable resistance?
3 Explain the strategy of cross-protection in viral-resistance engineering.
4 Give two specific reasons for engineering herbicide resistance.
5 Describe the mechanism of hypersensitive reaction used by plants in response to the invasion of certain pathogens.
Part C
Please write a brief essay on each of the following topics:
1 Discuss the method of coat protein-mediated resistance in plant breeding.
2 Discuss the concept of gene-for-gene hypothesis in disease genetics.
3 Discuss the mechanism plants use to respond to pathogen invasion.
4 Discuss the mechanisms commonly used by plants to respond to insect pest attacks.
5 Discuss the approach to breeding for vertical resistance.
6 Discuss the breeding of Bt resistance in plants.