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Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding

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Engineering pest resistance<br />

To date, the most widespread use <strong>of</strong> genetic modification<br />

in practical breeding is in the development <strong>of</strong><br />

Acquaah, G. 1997. Practical protein electrophoresis for genetic<br />

research. Dioscoredes Press, Portl<strong>and</strong>, OR.<br />

Barcelo, P., S. Rasco-Gaunt, C. Thorpe, <strong>and</strong> P.A. Lazzeri.<br />

2001. Transformation <strong>and</strong> gene expression. In: Advances in<br />

botanical research incorporating advances in plant pathology,<br />

Vol. 34, Biotechnology <strong>of</strong> cereals (Shewry, P.R., P.A.<br />

Lazzeri, K.J. Edwards, <strong>and</strong> J.A. Callow, eds). Academic<br />

Press, New York.<br />

Dawson, E. 1999. SNP maps: More markers needed? Mol.<br />

Med. Today 10:419–420.<br />

Devos, K.M., <strong>and</strong> M.D. Gale. 2000. Genome relationships: The<br />

grass model in current research. <strong>Plant</strong> Cell 12:637–646.<br />

Dunwell, J.M. 2000. Transgenic approaches to crop improvement.<br />

J. Exp. Biol. 51:487–496.<br />

Glick, B.R., <strong>and</strong> J.J. Pasternak. 2002. Molecular biotechnology,<br />

principles <strong>and</strong> applications <strong>of</strong> recombinant DNA.<br />

ASM Press, Washington, DC.<br />

G<strong>of</strong>f, S.A., D. Ricke, T. Lan, et al. 2002. A draft sequence <strong>of</strong><br />

the rice genome (Oryza sativa L. spp. japonica). Science<br />

296:92–100.<br />

Goodman, M.M. 2005. <strong>Plant</strong> breeding requirements for<br />

applied molecular biology. Crop Sci. 44:1913–1914.<br />

Harvey, M.J. 2005. Application <strong>of</strong> genomic technology to<br />

crop plant: Opportunities <strong>and</strong> challenges. Crop Sci.<br />

44:1893–1909.<br />

Jannick, J.L. 2005. Selective phenotyping to accurately map<br />

quantitative trait loci. Crop Sci. 45:901–908.<br />

Part A<br />

Please answer the following questions true or false:<br />

1 Isozymes markers are DNA markers.<br />

2 AFLP is a PCR-based marker.<br />

3 SCAR markers are derived from RFLP markers.<br />

4 RFLP is a multilocus marker.<br />

5 CaMV 35S is a constitutive promoter.<br />

6 A transgene cannot function without a promoter.<br />

7 Restriction enzymes have a common recognition site.<br />

BIOTECHNOLOGY IN PLANT BREEDING 255<br />

References <strong>and</strong> suggested reading<br />

Outcomes assessment<br />

pest-resistant cultivars, specifically, the Bt cultivars (e.g.,<br />

in corn, cotton), <strong>and</strong> the development <strong>of</strong> herbicide tolerance<br />

(specifically, Roundup Ready® products). These<br />

applications are discussed in Chapter 20.<br />

Knapp, S.J. 1998. Marker-assisted selection as a strategy for<br />

increasing the probability <strong>of</strong> selecting superior genotypes.<br />

Crop Sci. 38:1164–1174.<br />

L<strong>and</strong>er, E.S. 1999. Array <strong>of</strong> hope. Nature Genet. (Suppl.)<br />

21:3–4.<br />

Lemieux, B., A. Aharoni, <strong>and</strong> M. Schena, 1998. Overview <strong>of</strong><br />

DNA chip technology. Mol. Breed. 4:277–289.<br />

Lockhart, D.J., <strong>and</strong> E.A. Winzeler. 2000. Genomics, gene<br />

expression <strong>and</strong> DNA arrays. Nature 405(6788):827–836.<br />

Newbury, H.J., <strong>and</strong> A.H. Paterson. 2000. Genomic colinearity<br />

<strong>and</strong> its implications in crop improvement. In: <strong>Plant</strong><br />

molecular breeding (H.J. Newbury, ed.). Blackwell<br />

Publishing, Oxford <strong>and</strong> CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.<br />

Podlich, D.W., C.R. Winkler, <strong>and</strong> M. Cooper. 2004. Mapping<br />

as you go: An effective approach for marker-assisted selection<br />

<strong>of</strong> complex traits. Crop Sci. 44:1560–1571.<br />

Powell, W.M., M. Morgante, C. Hudre, M. Hanafey, J.<br />

Vogel, S. Tingey, <strong>and</strong> A. Rafalski. 1996. The comparison <strong>of</strong><br />

RFLP, RAPD, ALFP, <strong>and</strong> SSR (microsatellites) markers for<br />

germplasm analysis. Mol. Breed. 2:225–238.<br />

Xiao, J., J. Li, L. Yuan, S.R. McCouch, <strong>and</strong> S.D. Tanksley.<br />

1996. Genetic diversity <strong>and</strong> its relationship to hybrid performance<br />

<strong>and</strong> heterosis in rice as revealed by PCR-based<br />

markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 92:637–643.<br />

Zhong, G.-Y. 2001. Genetic issues <strong>and</strong> pitfalls in transgenic<br />

breeding. Euphytica 118:137–144.

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