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Pan-Pacific Conference XXXIV. Designing New Business Models in Developing Economies

This publication represents the Proceedings of the 34th Annual Pan-Pacific Conference being held in Lima, Peru May 29-31, 2017. The Pan-Pacific Conference has served as an important forum for the exchange of ideas and information for promoting understanding and cooperation among the peoples of the world since 1984. Last year, we had a memorable conference in Miri, Malaysia, in cooperation with Curtin University Sarawak, under the theme of “Building a Smart Society through Innovation and Co-creation.” Professor Pauline Ho served as Chair of the Local Organizing Committee, with strong leadership support of Pro Vice-Chancellor Professor Jim Mienczakowski and Dean Jonathan Winterton.

This publication represents the Proceedings of the 34th Annual Pan-Pacific Conference being held in Lima, Peru May 29-31, 2017. The Pan-Pacific Conference has served as an important forum for the exchange of ideas and information for promoting understanding and cooperation among the peoples of the world since 1984. Last year, we had a memorable conference in Miri, Malaysia, in cooperation with Curtin University Sarawak, under the theme of “Building a Smart Society through Innovation and Co-creation.” Professor Pauline Ho served as Chair of the Local Organizing Committee, with strong leadership support of Pro Vice-Chancellor Professor Jim Mienczakowski and Dean Jonathan Winterton.

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Accord<strong>in</strong>g to the results of hierarchical multiple<br />

regression, the variable "overall tourism<br />

experience", which is hypothesis 1, and all of the<br />

four factors of tourism experience, that is, sense,<br />

affection, behavior and <strong>in</strong>tellect, had positive effects<br />

on tourism satisfaction and the hypothesis proved to<br />

be true. Further, also "festival quality" had positive<br />

effects on tourism satisfaction <strong>in</strong> all of the analyses.<br />

On the other hand, the effects of <strong>in</strong>teraction between<br />

the overall tourism experience or the four factors of<br />

tourism experience and the festival quality proved<br />

to be mean<strong>in</strong>g that a significant relationship was<br />

obta<strong>in</strong>ed for only sense (and affection) out of the<br />

four analysis results so that hypothesis 2 proved to<br />

be partially true. The result of <strong>in</strong>teraction effects of<br />

hypothesis 3 <strong>in</strong>dicated conflict<strong>in</strong>g effects <strong>in</strong> all of<br />

the analyses so that it was abandoned.<br />

6. Conclusion<br />

The present study has first verified that tourism<br />

satisfaction <strong>in</strong>creases <strong>in</strong> case of positive tourism<br />

experiences visitors had through tourism activities<br />

at regions they visited out of mere tourism purposes.<br />

The present study has first verified that tourism<br />

satisfaction <strong>in</strong>creases <strong>in</strong> case of positive tourism<br />

experiences visitors had through tourism activities<br />

at regions they visited out of mere tourism purposes.<br />

This result <strong>in</strong>dicates a possibility that the higher<br />

levels of <strong>in</strong>terests or expectations of visitors<br />

become, the more will local tourism development<br />

ma<strong>in</strong>ly depend on festivals <strong>in</strong> case the festivals are<br />

held for the purpose of promotion of local tourism<br />

or enriched tourism activities which, <strong>in</strong> turn, might<br />

narrow the room for establish<strong>in</strong>g strategies of<br />

tourism experiences utiliz<strong>in</strong>g tourist resources other<br />

than festivals. When tourists come to acknowledge<br />

that the festivals are the only tourist attractions<br />

through these processes, many tourists will have<br />

visit <strong>in</strong>tentions only dur<strong>in</strong>g the festivals seasons<br />

which might become a h<strong>in</strong>drance <strong>in</strong> establish<strong>in</strong>g<br />

strategies for stably attract<strong>in</strong>g tourists. Accord<strong>in</strong>gly,<br />

it is necessary for those <strong>in</strong> charge of local tourism<br />

market<strong>in</strong>g and policies to consider ways of<br />

activat<strong>in</strong>g both of local festivals and other tourist<br />

resources.<br />

References<br />

[1] Neuhofer B., Buhalis D., and Ladk<strong>in</strong> A.(2012).<br />

Conceptualiz<strong>in</strong>g technology enhanced<br />

dest<strong>in</strong>ation experiences. Journal of Dest<strong>in</strong>ation<br />

Market<strong>in</strong>g & Management, 1, 36-46.<br />

[2] Oh H., Fiore A. M., and Jeoung M.(2007).<br />

Measur<strong>in</strong>g Experience Economy Concepts:<br />

Tourism Applications. Journal of Travel<br />

Research, 46, 119-132.<br />

[3] P<strong>in</strong>e J. B., and Gilmore J. H.(1998). Welcome to<br />

the Experience Economy. Harvard <strong>Bus<strong>in</strong>ess</strong><br />

Review, July-August, 97-105.<br />

[4] Prentice R. C., Witt S. F., and Hamer C.(1998).<br />

TOURISM AS EXPERIENCE: The Case of<br />

Heritage Parks. Annals of Tourism Research,<br />

25(1), 1-24.<br />

79

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