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Pan-Pacific Conference XXXIV. Designing New Business Models in Developing Economies

This publication represents the Proceedings of the 34th Annual Pan-Pacific Conference being held in Lima, Peru May 29-31, 2017. The Pan-Pacific Conference has served as an important forum for the exchange of ideas and information for promoting understanding and cooperation among the peoples of the world since 1984. Last year, we had a memorable conference in Miri, Malaysia, in cooperation with Curtin University Sarawak, under the theme of “Building a Smart Society through Innovation and Co-creation.” Professor Pauline Ho served as Chair of the Local Organizing Committee, with strong leadership support of Pro Vice-Chancellor Professor Jim Mienczakowski and Dean Jonathan Winterton.

This publication represents the Proceedings of the 34th Annual Pan-Pacific Conference being held in Lima, Peru May 29-31, 2017. The Pan-Pacific Conference has served as an important forum for the exchange of ideas and information for promoting understanding and cooperation among the peoples of the world since 1984. Last year, we had a memorable conference in Miri, Malaysia, in cooperation with Curtin University Sarawak, under the theme of “Building a Smart Society through Innovation and Co-creation.” Professor Pauline Ho served as Chair of the Local Organizing Committee, with strong leadership support of Pro Vice-Chancellor Professor Jim Mienczakowski and Dean Jonathan Winterton.

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levels for match<strong>in</strong>g candidates’ capabilities with the<br />

<strong>in</strong>herent requirements of the job [9].<br />

RESULTS<br />

Results of this research are presented below <strong>in</strong><br />

descriptive frequencies and cross tabulation.<br />

Firstly, Table 1 demonstrates the extent to which the<br />

job advertisements for the HR positions <strong>in</strong> South<br />

Africa reflect the skills <strong>in</strong> the SHRM HR<br />

competency model:<br />

Table 1: HR Skills <strong>in</strong> High Demand<br />

SHRM Competency Doma<strong>in</strong> %<br />

Communication 21<br />

<strong>Bus<strong>in</strong>ess</strong> Acumen 18.2<br />

Consultation 15.6<br />

HR Expertise 13.7<br />

Critical Evaluation 11.5<br />

Relationship Management 10<br />

Leadership & Navigation 9.6<br />

Diversity & Inclusion 0.4<br />

Ethical Practice 0.3<br />

The most sought after HR skill counted from a total<br />

467 vacancies is verbal and written communication.<br />

Although bus<strong>in</strong>ess acumen is presented here<strong>in</strong> as the<br />

second most highly demanded skill, most vacancies<br />

do not reflect such skills as bus<strong>in</strong>ess knowledge,<br />

economic awareness, knowledge of f<strong>in</strong>ance and<br />

account<strong>in</strong>g and HR Metrics and Analytics which are<br />

ma<strong>in</strong>ly considered pivotal <strong>in</strong> position<strong>in</strong>g HR<br />

Professionals as key strategic bus<strong>in</strong>ess partners.<br />

Instead most skills <strong>in</strong> high demand reflected under<br />

this doma<strong>in</strong> is the ability to use Microsoft Package<br />

and legislation knowledge.<br />

Results of the HR skills <strong>in</strong> high demand by<br />

qualifications are presented <strong>in</strong> Table 2 below:<br />

Table 2:<br />

HR Skills <strong>in</strong> High Demand by Qualifications<br />

SHRM Competency Doma<strong>in</strong> UG PG<br />

Communication 13.8 0.8<br />

<strong>Bus<strong>in</strong>ess</strong> Acumen 13.0 1.2<br />

HR Expertise 10.2 1.9<br />

Relationship Management 9.1 0.6<br />

Consultation 8.9 0.5<br />

Critical Evaluation 8.3 0.7<br />

Leadership & Navigation 6.5 0.6<br />

Diversity & Inclusion 0.43 0.43<br />

Ethical Practice 0.43 0.0<br />

Similarly, verbal and written communication skills<br />

are highly represented <strong>in</strong> most of the HR job<br />

vacancies followed by bus<strong>in</strong>ess acumen and HR<br />

expertise. These results add to the paradox of HR<br />

skills required aga<strong>in</strong>st the supply. While bus<strong>in</strong>ess<br />

acumen is reported to be the most significant set of<br />

skills required to enable HR bus<strong>in</strong>ess partners,<br />

South African organisations are found to be more<br />

attracted to verbal and communication skills. This<br />

might not be a true reflection of what is exactly<br />

be<strong>in</strong>g sought after as HR skills. There is a<br />

possibility of an oversight on how the real skills <strong>in</strong><br />

high demand are be<strong>in</strong>g communicat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> the job<br />

advertisement.<br />

DISCUSSION<br />

Managerial implications<br />

It is clear that there is a total disconnect between<br />

what is regarded as HR skills <strong>in</strong> high demand as<br />

advertised on the job adverts and what companies <strong>in</strong><br />

South Africa aim to achieve <strong>in</strong> attract<strong>in</strong>g the HR<br />

talent. The SHRM competency model <strong>in</strong>dicated the<br />

extent to which most companies do not pay<br />

attention to the keywords which reflect skills <strong>in</strong> high<br />

demand when they advertisement, which results <strong>in</strong> a<br />

complete mismatch between the available and<br />

expected HR skills.<br />

Possible limitations of the study<br />

The use of the SHRM HR competency model <strong>in</strong> this<br />

research was not subjected to reliability and validity<br />

tests to determ<strong>in</strong>e its relevance, usefulness and for<br />

mitigat<strong>in</strong>g the risks of biasness.<br />

Suggestions for future research<br />

To validate the SHRM competency model with HR<br />

vacancy data.<br />

REFERENCES<br />

[1] Ulrich, D., Brockbank,W., Johnson, D., &<br />

Younger, J. (2007). “Human Resource<br />

Competencies : Respond<strong>in</strong>g to Increased<br />

Expectations.” 1-12.<br />

[2] Ulrich, D., Younger, J., Brockbank, W., &<br />

Ulrich, M. (2012). “HR talent and the new<br />

HR competencies.” Strategic HR Review,<br />

11(4), 217-222.<br />

[3] Cohen, D. J. (2015). “HR past , present and<br />

future : A call for consistent practices and a<br />

focus on competencies.” Human Resource<br />

Management. Review, 25(2), 205-215.<br />

[4] Cascio, W.F., & Boudreau, J.W. (2016).<br />

“The search for global competence : From<br />

<strong>in</strong>ternational HR to talent,” Journal of<br />

World Bu<strong>in</strong>ess, 51(1), 103-114.<br />

[5] Yüksel, M. (2008). “Leadership<br />

Competencies <strong>in</strong> Job Advertisements,” The<br />

Journal of American Academy of <strong>Bus<strong>in</strong>ess</strong>,<br />

Cambridge, 14(1), 179-185.<br />

[6] Kohont, A., Brewster, C., & and Kohont,<br />

A. (2014). “The roles and competencies of<br />

HR managers <strong>in</strong> Slovenian mult<strong>in</strong>ational<br />

companies.” Baltic Journal of<br />

Management, 9(3) 294-313.<br />

[7] Den Hartog, D.N., Caley, A., & Dewe, P.<br />

2007. “Recruit<strong>in</strong>g leaders,” Human<br />

Resource Management Journal, 17(1), 58-<br />

75,<br />

[8] Sodhi, M.S., & Son, B. (2014) “Content of<br />

OR job advertisements to <strong>in</strong>fer analysis<br />

skills required.” The Journal of the<br />

Operational Research Society, 61(9), 1315-<br />

1327.<br />

[9] Choi, Y., & Rasmussen, E. (2009) “What<br />

Qualifications and Skills are Important for<br />

Digital Librarian Positions <strong>in</strong> Academic<br />

Libraries ? A Job Advertisement Analysis,”<br />

The Journal of Academic Librarianship,<br />

35(5), 457-467.<br />

40

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