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438 Simulation and application of the super-wide pass-band slow-wave structuresIn TW CRTs the incident wave in the traveling deflecting system acts onelectrons of the electron beam and causes its deflection [8, 9]. In this case, twogroups of characteristics must be considered: characteristics of the travelingwavedeflection system, and characteristics of the cathode-ray tube that characterizerestoration of signal form on the screen. It is important that characteristicsof the cathode-ray tube characterizing restoration of signal form on the screendiffer from characteristics of the deflecting system characterizing transmission ofthe signal to the load of the signal path in the tube.The monograph consists of introduction and nine chapters.Inhomogeneous helical slow-wave systems are considered in Chapter 1. Thegeneralized models of the systems with rectangular cross-section are proposed.The electrodynamical method is applied for analysis. The expressions for retardationfactor and input impedance are derived. Simulation of the systems revealedways for reduction of dispersion and widening of the pass-band.The fundamentals of the multiconductor line method are presented in Chapter2. The method is applied for investigation of complex meander and helicalstructures. The numerical methods and algorithms based on iterations and applicationof scattering transmission-line matrices are developed.At application of the multiconductor line method, values of characteristicimpedances of the multiconductor lines are necessary. Methods of calculation ofcharacteristic impedances are described in Chapter 3. The fundamentals of finitedifference, finite element and integral equation numerical methods are presented.The moment method is applied for calculation of parameters of microstrip multiconductorlines consisting of finite number of conductors.The twined helical, quasi-symmetrical and gutter-type helical and meandersystems are considered in Chapter 4. Models of the systems based on the multiconductorline method are proposed. Frequency properties of the systems are revealedand described. Besides the multiconductor method, the CST MicroWaveStudio software system is used for simulation of the quasi-symmetrical and gutter-typesystems. The rejecting properties of slow-wave systems containing periodicalinhomogeneities are revealed. The hybrid method is proposed for simulationof the microstrip meander line with the finite length. The influence of theend effects are taken into account at calculation of delay time of the microstripmeander lines.Many commercial software packages are developed for simulation of electromagneticfields, research and design of microwave devices. Possibilities ofapplication of AWR software package Microwave Office and CST software systemMicroWave Studio for investigation of super-wide band periodical structuresare considered in Chapter 5. The Microwave Office package is used for investigationof the helical system, twined helical system properties, research and eliminationof resonances in the system of shields in helical systems. The MicroWave