Hans Ulrich Obrist, Suzanne Pagé, Ion Grigorescu, photo: Mircea CantorH.U.O.: Øi cum l-afli înfæfliøat pe Ceauøescu? Într-o manieræ nonconformistæ?I.G.: Eram cunoscut drept cineva care încearcæ sæ transmitæ anumite lucruri prinimagini. Deci cenzura era foarte atentæ la activitatea mea! Øi au dorit cu orice preflsæ gæseascæ ceva în portretele care nu corespundeau. De exemplu, am fæcut untriplu portret al lui Ceauøescu, pe care l-au refuzat, nu doreau decît unul din ele.Dar nici acela nu corespundea. Îl reprezentasem fæcînd acel gest bine-cunoscut princare distrugea cartiere pentru „ctitorii“. Øi mi s-au adus critici pentru felul în care îipictasem mîna! Era, dupæ ei, „prea realæ“, umflatæ, flascæ… Mi-au spus cæ nu îl reprezentasempotrivit adeværului!H.U.O. & S.P.: (Rîsete.)I.G.: Dar nu îl væzusem niciodatæ pe viu! Pictam dupæ televizor øi mi-l imaginam.Trebuia sæ îl reprezint dupæ fotografii mici, în care detaliile erau invizibile. Deci l-ampictat din imaginaflie: cu venele de pe faflæ vizibile, un pic de cuperozæ… Øi mi s-aspus cæ era prea „realist“…H.U.O.: Existæ alte documente pe care le-am putea vedea? Fotografii? Ceva legatde acfliuni, poate?M.C.: A mai fæcut øi un film în care pune în scenæ discursul dictatorului… Væ poatepovesti… E un performance din anii ’70…I.G.: Dar e ceva foarte cunoscut…M.C.: Eu øtiu, dar dînøii poate cæ nu cunosc…I.G.: Am de jucat douæ roluri, al meu øi al preøedintelui, øi trebuie sæ redactez celedouæ discursuri. Observasem cæ existæ o oarecare asemænare între fiul lui Ceauøescu,Nicu, øi mine…S.P.: E mai degrabæ dezagreabil! (Rîde.)I.G.: Da. (Rîde.) Dar trebuie adæugat cæ tatæl meu era oltean…M.C.: Oltenia e sudul României, acolo s-a næscut øi Brâncuøi…I.G.: Da. Iar nevasta lui Ceauøescu era øi ea din aceeaøi regiune. Din punct de vedereanatomic se puteau gæsi asemænæri. Sînt generaflii de flærani øi existæ anumite træsæturide fizionomie care se repetæ… Aici sînt lucruri din anii ’70, pe care le-am reluatpentru o expoziflie din 1997 la muzeul din Bucureøti.M.C.: Ceea ce este interesant în acest context e cæ el a lucrat mult cu aparatul foto,fæcînd multe autoportrete, un fel de autoperformance, øi deseori acasæ la el, færæpublic…S.P. & H.U.O.: (Laughter.)H.U.O.: Oh, yes, the great earthquake from 1977.I.G.: Yes, on that occasion, there was some lenience in the bordercontrol because there were many injured people who went abroadfor healthcare. Generally, people were seeking for assistance abroad.So this is how I managed to get a passport, which, in normal times,was a very difficult thing to do...M.C.: But even with a passport things were difficult. The passportgranted the right to stay abroad a very short time and usually onewas allowed to get out of the country only once a year...S.P.: Yes, I see.I.G.: During this trip I went to Switzerland and then to Paris... Peopleoften asked me why I came back... What can I say?... I felt so undersurveillance that I was afraid not to come back... I even tried to geton better terms with the censorship, I even made some portraits ofCeauøescu...S.P.: Really?M.C.: Yes. It was a kind of order...S.P.: But did you do it or did you refuse it?M.C.: He did it but in a quite subversive manner, I have to say.And that explains why the portraits were refused.H.U.O.: Do you have some of those portraits left?I.G.: No, I only have the catalog...M.C.: Yes, he was not allowed to keep them.H.U.O.: And how did you portray Ceauøescu? In a nonconformistmanner?I.G.: I used to be known as someone who tries to put things in theimages. So the censorship was paying a lot of attention to my work!And they wanted to find something inadequate in the portraits at allcosts. For example, I made a triple portrait of Ceauøescu and theydidn’t want them, they only wanted one of them. But even that onewasn’t right. I represented him making that famous gesture wavinghis hand that destroyed neighborhoods for his grand constructions.And I was criticized about the way I’ve painted the hand! Accordingto them, it was “too real”, swollen, flabby... They told me I haven’trepresented him with truth!H.U.O.& S.P.: (Laughter.)I.G.: But I’ve never seen him in the flesh! I was doing it after the TVand I imagined him. I had to represent him from small imageswherein the details were invisible. So I painted him from my imagination:with apparent veins on the face and blotches... And they toldme it was too “realistic”...H.U.O.: Are there any other documents that we can see? Photos?Things connected to the actions maybe?M.C.: He has also made a film where he brings to stage the dictator’sspeech... He can narrate it... It’s a performance from the ’70s...I.G.: Yes, but it is something very well known...M.C.: I know but maybe they don’t know...I.G.: I have to play both roles, mine and the president’s and bothspeeches need to be drafted. I had noticed that there was someresemblance between Ceauøescu’s son, Nicu, and myself...S.P.: That’s rather annoying! (Laughter.)I.G.: Yes. (Laughter.) But it was because my father was born in Oltenia...M.C.: Oltenia is the south of Romania, Brancusi was born there...I.G.: Yes. And Ceauøescu’s wife was from this region. From ananatomical viewpoint some resemblance could be found. There weregenerations of peasants and some physiognomic features are recurrent...Here are some things from the ’70s that I revisited for an exhibitionat the Bucharest museum in 1997.M.C.: The interesting thing in the context is the fact that he usedto work a lot with the photo camera, he makes a lot of self-portraits,sort of auto-performances, and often at his place not in public...S.P.: And what is this?I.G.: It’s from the ’90s, it is a performance in a synagogue whereI delivered a speech on the issue of churches and synagogues.60
scenaS.P.: Iar aceasta ce e?I.G.: Dateazæ din anii ’90, e un performance într-o sinagogæ unde am flinut un discursdespre problema bisericilor øi a sinagogilor, asupra relafliilor dintre evrei øi români,îndeosebi asupra cæsætoriei…H.U.O.: Se leagæ de problema iconoclasmului?I.G.: Aici nu. La Cluj existæ probleme de naflionalitate. Este o regiune în care, pevremea ræzboiului, au existat conflicte între evrei, maghiari øi români…H.U.O.: Iar aici sînt autoportrete?I.G.: Da.S.P.: Ce face aici?M.C.: Se spalæ pe faflæ. E surprins cu ajutorul declanøærii întîrziate de la aparatul foto.Sînt Daily Rituals. Existæ asemenea fotografii de interior foarte interesante, bunæoaræe una în care se aflæ în bucætærie øi mænîncæ unt… Putem sæ le numim ritualuri alevieflii cotidiene, mi se pare …S.P.: Øi prezentafli în public aceste lucruri la vremea respectivæ?I.G.: Nu, ræmîneau mai degrabæ intime… Sau circulau într-un cerc foarte restrîns…H.U.O.: La vremea aceea expuseseræfli deja în stræinætate, sau doar mai tîrziu?I.G.: Nu, a fost mai tîrziu. Am început sæ le expun doar dupæ ’98…S.P.: Am putea vedea niøte performance? Body-art? Existæ informaflii, în acest sens,la muzeu? Arhive?M.C.: Poate sæ væ ofere cataloage, fiindcæ are multe dubluri.S.P.: Dar putem sæ îi vedem operele la muzeu, de exemplu?M.C.: Disearæ or sæ fie. Va fi filmul despre Ceauøescu, despre care am vorbit, unalt film mai recent… Existæ øi o fotografie cu construcflia palatului lui Ceauøescu.S.P.: De exemplu aceasta, de cînd dateazæ?I.G.: ’76.S.P.: Øi a fost un performance?M.C.: Sæ spunem un autoperformance… Acasæ la el…S.P.: Ah da. Deci nu sînt performance, în sens strict, ci lucruri pe care le fæcea færæpublic…M.C.: La vremea aceea nu se putea aræta aøa ceva…H.U.O.: Deci pare sæ existe o practicæ zilnicæ a autoportretului…M.C.: E o temæ recurentæ la Ion Grigorescu, sinele, imaginea de sine…H.U.O.: Continuæ aceastæ practicæ? Væ mai fotografiafli?I.G.: Da. Însæ nu în fiecare zi.S.P.: Aveafli, la vremea aceea, contacte cu Austria? Øtiafli ce se fæcea la Viena?I.G.: Am expus la Viena de mai multe ori (în 1990, 1993 øi 2001). Acum existæ,la Viena, o manifestare numitæ Ziua Bucureøtiului, în noiembrie, øi sînt invitat.H.U.O.: Dar cu acflionismul vienez? Cu Brus, Muhl?I.G.: Nu, n-am întîlnit artiøti.H.U.O.: Øi au fost evenimente cu Fundaflia Generali, deoarece am væzut acolo lucræriale dumneavoastræ…S.P.: Da. Însæ sînt lucræri mai recente, nu dateazæ din perioada aceea…I.G.: Exact.S.P.: Afli analizat aceastæ obsesie a autoportretului? Avefli idee care e motivul?I.G.: E greu de spus. Mæ foloseam pe mine ca model øi ca actor. Ca de cineva carear putea exprima lucruri ce îmi sînt stræine. E o cæutare introspectivæ…S.P.: Dar existæ o insistenflæ asupra nuditæflii. Cel mai adesea corpul nud e pus înscenæ… iar la vremea aceea nu era aøa de uøor sæ faci un autoportret nud…I.G.: Nu era atît dificultatea de a mæ fotografia, cît, desigur, imposibilitatea de a expune.De fapt chiar øi azi!S.P.: Ah da? Chiar øi azi?About the relations between Jews and Romanians, especially aboutmarriage...H.U.O.: Is it connected to the problem of Iconoclasm?I.G.: Not here. In Cluj there are ethnic issues. It’s a region where, duringthe war, there were conflicts between Jews, Hungarians and Romanians...H.U.O.: And those are self-portraits?I.G.: Yes.S.P.: What is he doing there?M.C.: He is washing his face. It was taken with the camera retarding.Daily Rituals. There are such interior photos that are very interesting,for example there is one with him in the kitchen eating butter...We can call them rituals of daily life I think...S.P.: Were these things publicly presented at that time?I.G.: No, it was rather intimate... Or it circulated in a very limitedcircle...H.U.O.: And have you exhibited abroad at that time or only later?I.G.: No, it was later. I’ve started presenting things only after 1998...S.P.: And can we see the performances? The body-art? Are there elementsof in<strong>format</strong>ion at the museum? Archives?M.C.: He can give you catalogs because he has many in duplicate.S.P.: But can we find his works at the museum for instance?M.C.: Tonight there will be some. The film on Ceauøescu we’vetalked about and another more recent film. There is also a verybeautiful photo of the Ceauøescu’s palace under construction.S.P.: From what year is this?I.G.: ’76.S.P.: And it was a performance.M.C.: Let’s say an auto-performance... It was taken at his place...S.P.: Oh yes. So they aren’t performances stricto sensu. He did thesethings without public...M.C.: At that time such things couldn’t be shown...H.U.O.: So there is a daily practice of self-portrait...M.C.: It is a recurrent theme with Ion Grigorescu, the self, the selfimage...H.U.O.: Is it an on-going practice? Do you still make photos of yourself?I.G.: Yes. But not every day.S.P.: Have you had contacts with Austria at that time? You knewwhat was going on in Vienna?I.G.: I exhibited in Vienna several times (in 1990, 1993 and 2001).Now there is an event called Bucharest Day in Vienna, in Novemberand I have been invited.H.U.O.: What about the Viennese Actionism? Brus, Muhl?I.G.: No, I haven’t met any artist.H.U.O.: But something was going on with the Generali Foundation,because I saw things you have made...S.P.: Yes, that’s right. But those are more recent works, they don’t goso far back in time...I.G.: Exactly.S.P.: And have you analyzed this obsession for the self-portrait?Do you have any <strong>idea</strong> about its motive?I.G.: It’s difficult to say. I make use of myself like of a model andan actor, like of someone who could express things that are notmine. It is an introspective quest...S.P.: But there is a special insistence on nudity. The body is oftenstaged... And in those days it wasn’t easy to make a nude selfportrait...I.G.: It was less the difficulty to take a photo of myself than, ofcourse, the impossibility to exhibit. Even today!S.P.: Oh really? Even today?I.G.: Yes, even today people are not eager to show such things.Even at the museum. There is a tradition of prudishness in Romania.But in the West it is the same! I don’t think that people are really andtruly open to nudity...61
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wartæ + societate / arts + society
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Aspirafliile celor care ar vrea sæ
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arhivaJulie Ault øi Martin Beck s
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arhivatate care contestau radical s
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tru democrafliile moderne. - În es
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subiect al subiectului modern (aøa
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cenzuri øi færæ vinovæflii, cu
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prehensiuni empatice, ne poate face
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peutic etc.) øi cînd se ispræve
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Bestiar de copiiImaginarul social p
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Mama nu eZsuzsa SelyemVineri, 3 mar
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Miercuri, 9 martie. Peste douæ zil
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cît în cazuri extreme. Dar, prin
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Din primii ani de viaflæ, televizo
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promisiunea (nicicînd øtiind dac
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„prea aproape“ de mine, incande
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cærui raport cu lumea. Proximitate
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Abandon preexterminatorul:societate
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Marile probleme ale României nu s
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Mic tratat despre abandonNe abandon
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toare: prin abandon - aøa-numita
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Frumoasele edificii metafizice, în
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teze øcoala øtiinflelor øi a teh
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priveøte natura. Totodatæ însæ,
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Paulo, 2002, pp. 44-55 - a fost rea
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S-a observat o creøtere statistic
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împotriva cærora nici bogæflia,
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Oraø al paniciiPaul Virilio„Atun
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lor. E o torturæ „civilæ“, ca
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s-o cîøtigæm. Acum, aceastæ lup