Stáhnout PDF - Ostravská univerzita v Ostravě

SummaryPROFESSIONAL, SOCIAL AND INDIVIDUAL CULTIVATION IN THE CZECH LADS IN THE 19TH AND 20TH CENTURIESJiří MatějčekProfessional cultivation, preferred by population and authorities too, took the form of professional qualification,which brought the increase of labour productivity and material welfare. In the last quarter of the 19th Century,at the time of mass industrialization, material welfare became the main aim of the lower class too. Social cultivationproceeded in the public sphere as political activities of elites, in the private sphere patriarchate and the rule of menover women disappeared slowly, beginning at the intelligentsia in the 19th century already. Individual cultivationin the form of education was prefered by aristocracy in the 18th Century allready, by businessmen since the secondhalf, by craftsmen since the last quarter of the 19th Century. In many branches, workers had not needed educationat the end of the 19th century yet, but in the first half of the 20th century most of them were qualified.135