Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar

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Lewis, P. N., M. Riddle, and C. L. Hewitt. 2004. Management of Exogenous Threats to Antarctica and the Sub-Antarctic Islands: Balancing Risks from TBT and Non-indigenous Marine Organisms. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 49: 999– 1005. Lockwood, J. L., P. Cassey, and T. Blackburn. 2005. The Role of Propagule Pressure in Explaining Species Invasions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20: 223– 228. Miller, A. W., K. Lion, M. S. Minton, and G. M. Ruiz. 2007. Status and Trends of Ballast Water Management in the United States. Third Biennial Report of the National Ballast Information Clearinghouse. U.S. Coast Guard, Washington, D.C. Minchin, D. 2006. “The Transport and the Spread of Living Aquatic Species.” In The Ecology of Transportation, Managing Mobility for the Environment, ed. J. Davenport and J. L. Davenport, pp. 77– 97. Dordrecht, Germany: Springer. Minton, M. S., E. Verling, A.W. Miller, and G. M. Ruiz. 2005. 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358 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / RUIZ AND HEWITT Vermeij, G. J. 1991a. When Biotas Meet: Understanding Biotic Interchange. Science, 253: 1099– 1104. ———. 1991b. Anatomy of an Invasion: The Trans-Arctic Interchange. Paleobiology, 17: 281– 307. Wasson, K., C. J. Zabin, L. Bedinger, M. C. Diaz, and J. S. Pearse. 2001. Biological Invasions of Estuaries without International Shipping: The Importance of Intraregional Transport. Biological Invasions, 102: 143– 153. Wilson, K. J., J. Falkingham, H. Melling, and R. De Abreu. 2004. “Shipping in the Canadian Arctic.” In Proceedings of the IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2004, IGARSS ’04. Volume 3, pp. 1853– 1856. Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE Press. Wonham, M., and J. T. Carlton. 2005. Cool-Temperate Marine Invasions at Local and Regional Scales: The Northeast Pacifi c Ocean as a Model System. Biological Invasions, 7(3): 369– 392.
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Smithsonian at the Poles Contributi
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Contents FOREWORD by Ira Rubinoff i
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Elaina Jorgensen, Alaska Fisheries
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CONTENTS vii Watching Star Birth fr
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x SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES blooms i
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xii SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES Change
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xiv SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES Museum
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Advancing Polar Research and Commun
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James P. Espy (1785- 1860), the fi
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ology fueled hopes that the scienti
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Meteorologists also provided critic
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visualize weather patterns remotely
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in ice sheets. The latest collapse
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Cooperation at the Poles? Placing t
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British Association for the Advance
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cations, in which the Smithsonian s
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ence” (Robinson, 2006: 76), he ha
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Taylor, C. J. 1981. First Internati
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24 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / KORSM
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36 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / De VO
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From Ballooning in the Arctic to 10
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ern Svalbard in 1896 (Capelotti, 19
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FIGURE 2. The Andrée campsite in 1
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National Zoo in Washington, D.C.—
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FROM BALLOONING TO 10,000-FOOT RUNW
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e rapidly deployed to South America
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“Of No Ordinary Importance”: Re
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1942). Ethnological collecting had
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group. More importantly, Murdoch’
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gan to study the question of Indian
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small museums and culture centers i
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fer of Alaskan objects and informat
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fi rst time in polar research— di
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Boas, Franz. 1888a. “The Central
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Lindsay, Debra. 1993. Science in th
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80 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / FIENU
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90 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / BURCH
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100 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / CROW
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From Tent to Trading Post and Back
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in befriending an extraordinary Inu
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The Smithsonian Institution’s pre
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of departure for research during th
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FIGURE 8. A drawing of the so-calle
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situated experiential education and
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the Past: Archaeologists, Native Am
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130 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / KRUP
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144 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / PARK
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Brooding and Species Diversity in t
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iefl y consider below some of the i
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ment. Consequently, the selective e
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ated from the Antarctic. Strong cur
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the four main genera of brooding sc
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ing such cryptic speciation suggest
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LITERATURE CITED Absher, T. M., G.
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Madon-Senez, C. 1998. Disparité Mo
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Persistent Elevated Abundance of Oc
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ABUNDANCE OF ANTARCTIC OCTOPODS 199
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206 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / WINS
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Considerations of Anatomy, Morpholo
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Many theories have been hypothesize
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FIGURE 4. A three dimensional recon
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are wider and more bulbous in the a
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mimicked the shape and profi le of
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faces for SEM observation. The spec
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DISCUSSION Imaging and dissection o
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out its length. The pulp chamber al
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pulpal neurons and dentin tubules.
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Scientifi c Diving Under Ice: A 40-
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TABLE 2. Principal Investigators an
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attaching ice anchors to the chunks
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dumping of weight under water. The
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MARINE LIFE HAZARDS Few polar anima
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Urine should be copious and clear a
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Environmental and Molecular Mechani
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face (�1.8°C) are likely to pose
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FIGURE 2. Illustrated selection shi
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FIGURE 4. Distribution of respirati
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invertebrates were placed in the ba
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Meehan, R. R., D. S. Dunican, A. Ru
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266 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / KOOY
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272 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / DUNT
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286 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / QUET
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300 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / NEAL
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Page 352 and 353: Capital Expenditure and Income (For
Page 354 and 355: tal breeding systems (Boyd, 1998; T
Page 356 and 357: FIGURE 3. Pup mass gain in relation
Page 358 and 359: MONITORING FOOD CONSUMPTION DURING
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Page 362 and 363: Non-steady-State Systems. Journal o
Page 364 and 365: Latitudinal Patterns of Biological
Page 366 and 367: and perhaps others, may have invade
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Page 370 and 371: due in part to the great distances
Page 372 and 373: and (2) human-mediated responses to
Page 376 and 377: Cosmology from Antarctica Robert W.
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Page 380 and 381: TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTS AT THE S
Page 382 and 383: Gaier, T., J. Schuster, and P. Lubi
Page 384: J. M. Kovac, C. L. Kuo, A. E. Lange
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Page 391 and 392: 374 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / WALK
Page 398 and 399: Watching Star Birth from the Antarc
Page 400 and 401: STAR BIRTH FROM THE ANTARCTIC PLATE
Page 402 and 403: is constructing and deploying the P
Page 404 and 405: Antarctic Meteorites: Exploring the
Page 406 and 407: at the Field Museum, and pieces wer
Page 408 and 409: the description and curation of Ant
Page 410 and 411: led these committees throughout the
Page 412 and 413: Index AAUS. See American Academy of
Page 414 and 415: temperature, 350-355 tourism, 354 B
Page 416 and 417: Fishing. See also Biological invasi
Page 418 and 419: McMurdo Station, xiv, 265-267, 393
Page 420 and 421: Rogick, Mary, 206 Ronne, Finn, 55 R
Page 422: U.S. Naval Support Force Antarctica
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