Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar

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U.S. Naval Support Force Antarctica, 241 U.S. Research and Development Board, 25–26, 29 USNS Eltanin collections, 144–145, 148, 206 Van Allen, James, 24, 35, 44–45 VanStone, James, 70 Venus, transits of, 14, 17–18, 19 American Transit of Venus Commission, 17–18 weather, 17–18 Voznesenskii, Ilya G., 63 Warming. See Climate change Waterman, Alan, 28 Waugh, Leuman M., 83 Weather studies. See Climate studies Weaver, Robert, 55 Weber, Wilhelm, 14 Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii), x, xiv, 265–270, 335–343 Welzenbach, Linda, 390 Western Union Telegraph Company, 17, 18, 63 Weyprecht, Karl, 5, 11, 13 Whales. See also Narwhals; Whaling beluga whales, 102, 138 bowhead whales, 99, 100, 102, 138 climate change, 135–138 diving hazard, 249 gray whales, 138 krill in diet, 286 lactation, 336–337 Whaling annual cycle, 102–104 ceremonies and celebrations, 101–102, 104 climate change, 135–138 contact and change, 100–102 INDEX 405 contemporary, 99 elders’ interpretation of collection, 99–100, 104–110 fi rearms use, 95, 101 Iñupiaq society, 99–111 Iñupiaq villages, 99 IWC quota, 102 kayak use, 83–84 modern methods, 103–104 preparations, 102–103 specifi c object discussions, 104–110 and women, 102–103, 108–109 Whymper, Frederick, 63 Wild, Heinrich, 5, 11 Williams, George, 122 Wilson, A. C., 256 World Climate Research Programme (WCRP), 10 World Meteorological Organization (WMO), 26–27, 29 World War I, 6–8 World War II, 8–9, 54 Yanai, Keizo, 388 Yupik Eskimos, 129–139 Yup’ik Eskimos. See also Native peoples art, public discovery of, 67–70 elders, museum collaboration with, 80–84 ethnological collecting, 65–66 homeland, 80, 81 language, 85, 86–87, 135 objects in collections, 79–80, 83–85, 86 pride and self-respect, 82 research contributions, 79–88 tools and technology, 85–87 visual repatriation, 80, 84–86 Zeitlin, Sam, 44
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Smithsonian at the Poles Contributi
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Contents FOREWORD by Ira Rubinoff i
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Elaina Jorgensen, Alaska Fisheries
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CONTENTS vii Watching Star Birth fr
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x SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES blooms i
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xii SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES Change
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xiv SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES Museum
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Advancing Polar Research and Commun
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James P. Espy (1785- 1860), the fi
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ology fueled hopes that the scienti
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Meteorologists also provided critic
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visualize weather patterns remotely
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in ice sheets. The latest collapse
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Cooperation at the Poles? Placing t
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British Association for the Advance
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cations, in which the Smithsonian s
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ence” (Robinson, 2006: 76), he ha
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Taylor, C. J. 1981. First Internati
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24 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / KORSM
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36 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / De VO
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From Ballooning in the Arctic to 10
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ern Svalbard in 1896 (Capelotti, 19
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FIGURE 2. The Andrée campsite in 1
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National Zoo in Washington, D.C.—
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FROM BALLOONING TO 10,000-FOOT RUNW
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e rapidly deployed to South America
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“Of No Ordinary Importance”: Re
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1942). Ethnological collecting had
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group. More importantly, Murdoch’
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gan to study the question of Indian
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small museums and culture centers i
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fer of Alaskan objects and informat
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fi rst time in polar research— di
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Boas, Franz. 1888a. “The Central
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Lindsay, Debra. 1993. Science in th
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80 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / FIENU
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90 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / BURCH
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100 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / CROW
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From Tent to Trading Post and Back
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in befriending an extraordinary Inu
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The Smithsonian Institution’s pre
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of departure for research during th
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FIGURE 8. A drawing of the so-calle
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situated experiential education and
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the Past: Archaeologists, Native Am
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130 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / KRUP
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144 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / PARK
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Brooding and Species Diversity in t
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iefl y consider below some of the i
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ment. Consequently, the selective e
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ated from the Antarctic. Strong cur
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the four main genera of brooding sc
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ing such cryptic speciation suggest
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LITERATURE CITED Absher, T. M., G.
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Madon-Senez, C. 1998. Disparité Mo
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Persistent Elevated Abundance of Oc
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ABUNDANCE OF ANTARCTIC OCTOPODS 199
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206 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / WINS
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Considerations of Anatomy, Morpholo
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Many theories have been hypothesize
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FIGURE 4. A three dimensional recon
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are wider and more bulbous in the a
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mimicked the shape and profi le of
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faces for SEM observation. The spec
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DISCUSSION Imaging and dissection o
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out its length. The pulp chamber al
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pulpal neurons and dentin tubules.
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Scientifi c Diving Under Ice: A 40-
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TABLE 2. Principal Investigators an
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attaching ice anchors to the chunks
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dumping of weight under water. The
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MARINE LIFE HAZARDS Few polar anima
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Urine should be copious and clear a
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Environmental and Molecular Mechani
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face (�1.8°C) are likely to pose
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FIGURE 2. Illustrated selection shi
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FIGURE 4. Distribution of respirati
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invertebrates were placed in the ba
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Meehan, R. R., D. S. Dunican, A. Ru
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266 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / KOOY
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272 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / DUNT
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286 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / QUET
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300 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / NEAL
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310 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / SMIT
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320 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / KIEB
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Capital Expenditure and Income (For
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tal breeding systems (Boyd, 1998; T
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FIGURE 3. Pup mass gain in relation
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MONITORING FOOD CONSUMPTION DURING
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primary productivity in McMurdo Sou
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Non-steady-State Systems. Journal o
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Latitudinal Patterns of Biological
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and perhaps others, may have invade
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colonizing the Arctic Ocean under c
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due in part to the great distances
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Page 380 and 381: TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTS AT THE S
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Page 384: J. M. Kovac, C. L. Kuo, A. E. Lange
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Page 398 and 399: Watching Star Birth from the Antarc
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Page 412 and 413: Index AAUS. See American Academy of
Page 414 and 415: temperature, 350-355 tourism, 354 B
Page 416 and 417: Fishing. See also Biological invasi
Page 418 and 419: McMurdo Station, xiv, 265-267, 393
Page 420 and 421: Rogick, Mary, 206 Ronne, Finn, 55 R
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