Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar

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Taylor, C. J. 1981. First International Polar Year, 1982– 83. Arctic, 34: 370– 376. United States. 1871. The Statutes at Large and Proclamations of the United States of America, from December 1869 to March 1871. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. United States, Commission to the Paris Universal Exposition. 1880. Reports of the United States Commissioners to the Paris Universal COOPERATION AT THE POLES? 21 Exposition, 1878. Volume 1. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Offi ce. Weiss, Edith Brown. 1975. International Responses to Weather Modifi - cation. International Organization, 29: 805– 826. Williams, Francis L. 1963. Matthew Fontaine Maury, Scientist of the Sea. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press.
Page 2 and 3: Smithsonian at the Poles Contributi
Page 4 and 5: Contents FOREWORD by Ira Rubinoff i
Page 6 and 7: Elaina Jorgensen, Alaska Fisheries
Page 8: CONTENTS vii Watching Star Birth fr
Page 11 and 12: x SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES blooms i
Page 13 and 14: xii SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES Change
Page 15 and 16: xiv SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES Museum
Page 18 and 19: Advancing Polar Research and Commun
Page 20 and 21: James P. Espy (1785- 1860), the fi
Page 22 and 23: ology fueled hopes that the scienti
Page 24 and 25: Meteorologists also provided critic
Page 26 and 27: visualize weather patterns remotely
Page 28 and 29: in ice sheets. The latest collapse
Page 30 and 31: Cooperation at the Poles? Placing t
Page 32 and 33: British Association for the Advance
Page 34 and 35: cations, in which the Smithsonian s
Page 36 and 37: ence” (Robinson, 2006: 76), he ha
Page 40 and 41: The Policy Process and the Internat
Page 42 and 43: in the 1930s, played a key role in
Page 44 and 45: tional scientifi c organizations fi
Page 46 and 47: see it move out where it will do go
Page 48 and 49: the world were encouraged to ensure
Page 50 and 51: NOTE 1. In a similar fashion, the p
Page 52 and 53: Preserving the Origins of the Space
Page 54 and 55: as excess property and become commo
Page 56 and 57: Sputniks. There is nothing in the c
Page 58 and 59: it something useful within 90 days,
Page 60 and 61: IGY-RELATED COLLECTIONS: LAUNCH VEH
Page 62 and 63: and Van Allen played a signifi cant
Page 64: events, episodes and eras that made
Page 67 and 68: 50 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / BROAD
Page 79 and 80: 62 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / FITZH
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72 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / FITZH
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Yup’ik Eskimo Contributions to Ar
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FIGURE 1. Map of Southwest Alaska,
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2002 hit D.C. the night before we w
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elating in Yup’ik how the goggles
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important instructions that guided
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Smithsonian Contributions to Alaska
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considerable hostility, met Kasheva
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372, 374, 423) cite Herendeen as ha
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tells how many of them were made. I
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LITERATURE CITED Barr, William, ed.
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The Art of Iñupiaq Whaling: Elders
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the whaling industry shifted its fo
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FIGURE 3. Umialik sitting beneath w
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FIGURE 4. Harpoon rest, Barrow, 188
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FIGURE 7. Whale plaque/seat for umi
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An ivory handle with whale fi gures
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lages would still be whaling and th
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Simpson, J. 1875. “Observations o
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116 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / LORI
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“The Way We See It Coming”: Bui
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their environmental expertise is va
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words, upon multifaceted data colle
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FIGURE 4. Leonard Apangalook Sr., S
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FIGURE 9. Hunting in boats in dense
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we hunt, are truly at the mercy of
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Bobylev, L. H. Pettersson, K. Hasse
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Species Diversity and Distributions
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(1971) on postnaupliar developmenta
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Descriptions of the geographical di
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this same inshore habitat (Fontaine
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unpublished observations); this spe
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off Uruguay (34º43�S, 49º28�W
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Region Species name Abundance 1 2 3
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PELAGIC CALANOID COPEPODS OF THE SO
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four percent of these species have
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TABLE 7. Very common deepwater cala
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PELAGIC CALANOID COPEPODS OF THE SO
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Ocean endemic. These two species, t
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Candacia falcifera Calanus australi
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occur broadly throughout the world
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———. 1893. Systematik und Fau
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Steuer, A., and E. Hentschel. 1937.
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Euaugaptilus nodifrons (Sars, 1905)
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Paralabidocera hodgsoni Wolfenden,
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Augaptilidae Augaptilus Centraugapt
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182 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / PEAR
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198 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / VECC
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Cold Comfort: Systematics and Biolo
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we attempted to learn more about th
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BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF ANTARCTIC BR
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yozoans (14.6%) and coelenterates,
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Himantozoum, and Kymella, averaging
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nanoplankton making up 83% of phyto
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SYSTEMATICS AND BIOLOGY OF ANTARCTI
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of benthic-pelagic coupling, factor
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Waters, A. W. 1904. Bryozoa. Result
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224 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / NWEE
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242 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / LANG
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254 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / MARS
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Milestones in the Study of Diving P
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airstrip and a few offshore marine
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(Falke et al., 1985) (Figure 3). Th
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Interannual and Spatial Variability
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FIGURE 1. The project study area sh
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transects. Transects radiated from
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INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY IN LIGHT AT
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INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY IN LIGHT AT
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TABLE 4. Mean PAR for each site for
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We derived measures of light attenu
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Life under Antarctic Pack Ice: A Kr
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primary producers and the upper tro
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Variability in the environment, inc
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TABLE 1. Diving projects at Palmer
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FIGURE 2. Growth rate (mm d �1 )
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has declined by 40%- 45% (Figure 4)
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Melnikov, I. 1998. Winter Productio
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Inhibition of Phytoplankton and Bac
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MATERIALS AND METHODS IRRADIANCE ME
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are seen to increase along with the
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INHIBITION OF PHYTOPLANKTON AND BAC
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Cullen, J. J., and P. J. Neale. 199
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Southern Ocean Primary Productivity
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ary at 58ºS. Ice concentrations an
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FIGURE 3. Mean monthly productivity
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Ross Sea. Tremblay and Smith (2007,
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and will provide insights into the
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Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matt
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concentrations are lower and the wa
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from 400 to 700 nm. The irradiance
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DOWNWELLING ATTENUATION COEFFICIENT
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y-intercept in Figure 7C denotes th
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our cruise, chl a concentrations va
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in coastal environments and propert
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Derived Organic Matter. Limnology a
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336 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / EISE
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348 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / RUIZ
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360 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / WILS
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Feeding the Black Hole at the Cente
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WHAT IS THIS GAS DOING? Much has be
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HEAT: The High Elevation Antarctic
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star formation rate, so that we mig
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timately covering up to 240 square
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spheric opacity above the site is e
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382 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / TOTH
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388 SMITHSONIAN AT THE POLES / MCCO
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396 INDEX Antarctic Circumpolar Cur
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398 INDEX Dall, William Healy, 18,
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400 INDEX International Polar Year,
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402 INDEX NMAI. See National Museum
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404 INDEX crustaceans, 191-192 iron
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Smithsonian at the Poles: Contributions to International Polar

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