Rapid Assessment for Resilient Recovery and ... - GFDRR

Sector Context
The electricity sector of the Kingdom of Thailand is operated largely by state-owned
entities, namely (i) the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT), Provincial
Electricity Authority (PEA), and (iii) Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA), as well as
private power producers, who mainly run the generation business. Thailand’s electricity
consumption per capita in 2010 was 2,177 kWh 94 .
EGAT’s main operations focus on (i) electricity generation (including purchase from
neighboring countries) and transmission business, and (ii) selling bulk electricity to
state-owned autonomous distributing authorities PEA and MEA, and some direct customers
(medium and large enterprises). EGAT owns and operates various types of power plants
located in 39 sites, totaling about 15,000 MW countrywide. Its power generation fleet
consists of six combined cycle power plants, three thermal power plants, 21 hydropower
plants, eight renewable energy power plants and a diesel power plant.
At the end of 2010, EGAT’s transmission network comprised 30,639.75 circuit-kilometers
of transmission lines with voltage levels ranging from 500, 300, 230, 132, 115, to 69 kV,
and 208 substations with 531 delivery points and a total transformer capacity of 75,505.19
megavolt-amperes (MVA).
In the same period, the country’s total installed generating capacity increased 5.85 percent
from the previous year to 30,920.02 MW 95 , comprising of (i) EGAT’s Power Plants,
14,998.13 MW (48.50 percent), and (ii) Power Purchase of 15,921.89 MW (51.50 percent).
The power purchase included 12,151.59 MW (39.30 percent) from domestic independent
power producers (IPPs), 2,182.30 MW (7.06 percent) from small power producers (SPPs),
and 1,588.00 MW (5.14 percent) imported capacity from neighboring countries.
In 2010, EGAT’s electric energy sales volume rose 10.19 percent from the previous year
to 156,125.91 million kWh. Its sales included 106,403.53 million kWh of energy (68.15
percent) sold to the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA), 46,636.29 million kWh (29.87
percent) to the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA), 1,595.07 million kWh (1.02
percent) to a small number of direct customers, 1,314.30 million kWh (0.84 percent) to
neighboring utilities, and 176.72 million kWh (0.11 percent) to other minor customers.
Total net income of EGAT in 2010 was recorded at THB 37.4 billion compared to THB 31.2
billion in 2009 or equivalent to 19.62 percent increase.
The Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) was established as a state enterprise for public
utility under the Provincial Electricity Authority Act B.E. 2503 (1960). The main objective
of PEA is to generate, obtain, distribute and sell electricity to people, businesses, and
industrial sectors in 73 provinces throughout Thailand, with the exception of the Bangkok
Metropolitan Administration, Nonthaburi and Samut Prakan provinces. PEA has strong
relationships and conducts considerable transactions with EGAT. Most electricity energy
sold to customers by PEA was purchased from EGAT.
94 Team’s calculation based on data of electricity sold by EGAT, PEA and MEA in 2010 provided by EPPO, and population
data posted at http://www.trueknowledge.com/q/population_of_thailand_2011
95 EGAT’s annual report 2010, page 18.
118 THAI FLOOD 2011 RAPID ASSESSMENT FOR RESILIENT RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION PLANNING