Rapid Assessment for Resilient Recovery and ... - GFDRR

ANNEX 23:
ENVIRONMENT SECTOR - METHODOLOGY
AND ASSUMPTIONS FOR DAMAGE AND
LOSSES CALCULATIONS
Municipal Solid Waste (All Public)
The amount of daily waste generation is based on historical provincial data. Damage
is calculated based on the level of flood impact: Low (25%), Medium (50%), and High
(100%) and applying these percentages to daily budget and the number of days (assumed
60 days) the facility is affected, as the total investment costs for each facility
were not readily available. Losses are calculated from the number of days the facility
is affected multiply by amount of daily waste generation diverted (based on the
affected capacity level of the facility) to other facility and multiply by the average cost
of collection and treatment/disposal using THB 1,000 per ton of waste (from discussion
with BMA staff). The additional transportation and handling costs to transfer the
waste to other facilities were not included.
Short-term needs comprise of the repair and recovery costs to bring the facilities
back to full capacity and the additional collection and treatment/disposal costs
to deal with disaster waste that is generated by households and businesses. The
amount of disaster waste is assumed to be 500 kilogram per capita (based on discussion
with PCD staff).
Medium-term needs include the preparation of master plan to modernize and provide
flood proof measures to the MSW treatment facilities as more than half of the total
MSW treatment facilities are open dump facilities assuming that the cost of each plan
(including consultation) is around THB 2 million for each of the 25 affected provinces
and THB 3 million for each site managed by BMA.
Long-term needs focus on necessary investment to implement the provincial master
plan assuming that the capital cost (excluding land cost) of a sanitary landfill (with
landfill gas capture and utilization as well as proper Leachate treatment) is THB 450
per ton of waste for 10 years capacity. Assuming that the per capita waste generation
is 1 kilogram per day and collection rate if 95 percent.
Protected Area, River, and Bay (All Public)
Losses are calculated based on reduced environmental services from mangrove forest.
Daily value is taken from Sathirathai (1998). The services provided by mangrove
forest are assumed to be lost for 60 days. Mangrove forest data are from DMCR web
site.
Short-term needs include installation of 10 additional continuous water quality monitoring
stations per province and 30 stations in the Gulf of Thailand to monitor water
quality in major rivers and streams as well as the Gulf of Thailand especially around
the mouths of the three affected rivers for the next six months. The cost of the equip-
A-98 THAI FLOOD 2011 RAPID ASSESSMENT FOR RESILIENT RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION PLANNING