PE EIE[R-Rg RESEARCH ON - HJ Andrews Experimental Forest

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Hodges, J . D. 1965. Photosynthesis in forest tree seedlings of the Pacific Northwest under natural environmental conditions . 177 p. Ph.D. thesis on file, Univ . Wash . , Seattle . 1967. Patterns of photosynthesis under natural conditions . Ecology 48: 234-242 . and D. R. M. Scott. 1968 . Photosynthesis in seedlings of six conifer species under natural environmental conditions. Ecology 49 : 973-980 . Huber, B . 1956. Die Gefassleitung. In W . Ruhland (ed .), Handb . Pflanzenphysiol . III : 541-582 . Jarvis, P. G. 1971 . The estimation of resistances to carbon dioxide transfer . In Z . Sestak, J. Jatsky, and P . G. Jarvis (eds .) , Plant photosynthetic production, manua l of methods, p. 566-631 . The Hague : Dr. W . Junk N .V. Publishers . J. Catsky, F. E. Eckardt, W . Koch, and D. Koller. 1971 . General principles of gasometric methods and the mai n aspects of installation design . In Z . Sestak , J. Catsky, and P . G. Jarvis (eds.), Plant photosynthetic production, manual of methods, p . 49-110 . The Hague : Dr. W . Junk N .V . Publishers . Jeffree, C. E ., R. P. C. Johnson, and P . G . Jarvis. 1971 . Epicuticular wax in the stomatal antechamber of Sitka spruce and its effects on the diffusion of water vapour and carbon dioxide. Planta 98 : 1-10 . Keller, Theo. 1971. Der Einfluss der Stickstoffernahrung auf den Gaswechsel der Fichte. Allg. Forst- u . Jagdzt. 142(4) : 89-93 . and J. Wehrmann . 1963 . C02 assimilation, Wurzelatmung and Ertrag vo n Fichten and Kiefersamlingen bei unterschiedlichen Mineralstoffernahrung. Mitt . Schweiz . Anst. Forstl. Versuchsw . 39(4) : 217-242 . Kinerson, R .,Jr. 1971 . Selected aspects of gas and energy exchange in a young, matur e Douglas-fir stand . 91 p. Ph.D. thesis on file , Univ . Wash ., Seattle . Kline, J . R ., M . L. Stewart, and C . F. Jordan . 1972 . Estimation of biomass and transpiration in coniferous forests using tritiated water . In Proceedings-research on coniferous forest ecosystems-a symposium, p . 159-166, illus. Pac. Northwest Forest & Range Exp. Stn ., Portland, Oreg . Koch, W. 1969 . Untersuchungen caber di e Wirkung von CO 2 auf die Photosynthese einiger Holzgewachse unter Laboratoriumsbedingungen. Flora 158 : 402-428 . Kozlowski, T., and Theo. Keller . 1966. Food relations of woody plants . Bot. Rev . 32(4) : 293-382 . Kramer, P . J., and T . Kozlowski . 1960 . Physiology of trees. 642 p . New York : McGraw- Hill Co . Krueger, K . W., and W . K. Ferrell . 1965 . Comparative photosynthetic and respiratory responses to temperature and light by Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii and var . glauca seedlings . Ecology 46 : 794-801 . and R . H. Ruth. 1969 . Comparative photosynthesis of red alder, Douglas - fir, Sitka spruce, and western hemloc k seedlings . Can . J. Bot . 47: 519-528 . Kunstle, E . 1971. Der Jahresgang de s CO 2 -Gaswechsel von einj ihrigen Douglasien-trieben in einem 20 ja"hrige m Bestand. Allg. Forst- u. Jagdzt. 142(4) : 105-108 . Kvet, J ., and J. K. Marshall. 1971 . Assessment of leaf area and other assimilating surfaces . In Z . Sestak, J. Catsky, and P. G . Jarvis (eds.), Plant photosynthetic production , manual of methods, p . 517-555 . The Hague : Dr . W. Junk N .V. Publishers . Larcher, W. 1969a. Physiological approache s to the measurement of photosynthesis i n relation to dry matter production by trees . Photosynthetica 3(2) : 150-166 . 1969b . The effect of environmental and physiological variables on the carbon dioxide gas exchange of trees . Photosynthetica 3(2) : 167-198 . Lavender, D. P., and R. K. Hermann. 1970 . Regulation of the growth potential of Douglas-fir seedlings during dormancy . New Phytol . 69 : 675-694 . Leyton, L. 1958 . The mineral requirements of forest plants . In W . Ruhland (ed .), Handb . Pflanzenphysiol . IV : 1026-1039 . 223
Lopushinsky, W . 1969. Stomatal closure i n conifer seedlings in response to leaf moisture stress . Bot . Gaz . 130 : 258-263 . Ludlow, M . M ., and P . J. Jarvis. 1971a . Methods for measuring photorespiration i n leaves . In Z . Sestak, J. Catsky, and P . G . Jarvis (eds .), Plant photosynthetic production, manual of methods, p . 294-315 . Th e Hague : Dr. W . Junk N .V . Publishers . and P . J. Jarvis. 1971b . Photo - synthesis in Sitka spruce . 1 . General characteristics . J . Appl . Ecol . 8(3) : 925-953 . McGregor, W . H. D ., and P . J. Kramer . 1963 . Seasonal trends in rates of photosynthesi s and respiration of loblolly pine and whit e pine seedlings . Am . J. Bot. 50(8) : 760-765 . Madgwick, H . A. 1964 . Estimation of surface area of pine needles with special reference to Pinus resinosa . J. For . 62 : 636 . Miillerstael, H . 1968 . Untersuchungen uber den Gaswechsel zweijahriger Holzpflanze n bei fortschreitender Bodenaustrocknung . Beitr. Biol. Pflanz. 44(3) : 319-341 . Parker, J. 1963. Causes of the winter decline in transpiration and photosynthesis in some evergreens. Forest Sci . 9 : 148-166 . Perrier, A. 1971 Leaf temperature measurement . In Z . Sestak, J . Catsky, and P . G . Jarvis (eds.), Plant photosynthetic production, manual of methods, p . 632-671 . The Hague : Dr . W. Junk N .V. Publishers . Perry, T. O., and G . W . Baldwin. 1966 . Winter breakdown of the photosynthetic apparatus of evergreen species . Forest Sci. 12 : 298-300 . Pharis, R. P., H. Hellmers, and E . Schuurmans. 1967. Kinetics of the daily rate of photosynthesis at low temperature for two conifers. Plant Physiol. 42(4) : 525-531 . Phillips, R. A. 1967. Stomatal characteristic s throughout a tree crown . 67 p . M .S . thesis on file, Univ . Wash., Seattle . P i s e k, A . 1960. Die photosynthetische n Leistungen von Pflanzen besonder e Standorte : immergrune Pflanzen . In W . Ruhland (ed.), Handb . Pflanzenphysiol . V 2 : 415-459 . and R. Kemnitzer . 1968 . Der Einfluss von Frost auf die Photosynthes e der Weisstanne (Abies alba) . Flora 157 B : 314-326 . , W . Larcher, W . Moser, and I . Pack . 1969 . Temperaturabhangigkeit an d optimaler Temperaturbereich der Netto - Photosynthese . Flora 158 B: 608-630 . , W . Larcher, I . Pack, and R . Unterholzner . 1968 . Temperaturmaximu m der Netto-Photosynthese and Hitzeresistenz der Blatter. Flora 158 B: 110-128 . Polster, H . 1967a . Wasserhaushalt . In H. Lyr , H. Polster, and H . -J . Fiedler, Geholzphysiologie, p . 147-196 . Jena : G . Fischer Verlag . 1967b. Photosynthese, Atmung , and Stoffproduktion . In H . Lyr, H . Polster , and H. -J . Fiedler, Geholzphysiologie, p . 197-246 . Jena : G . Fischer Verlag . Poskuta, J . 1968 . Photosynthesis, photorespiration and respiration of detached spruce twigs as influenced by oxygen concentration and light intensity . Physiol . Plant . 21 : 1129-1136 . Rangnekar, P . V ., D . F . Forward, and N . J . Nolan. 1969 . Foliar nutrition and wood growth in red pine : the distribution of radiocarbon photoassimilated by individual branches of young trees . Can . J. Bot. 47 : 1701-1711 . Reed, K. L. 1968 . The effects of sub-zero temperatures on the stomata of Douglas-fir . 79 p . M .S. thesis on file, Univ . Wash . , Seattle . 1972 . A computer simulation model of seasonal transpiration in Douglas - fir based on a model of stomatal resistance . 133 p. Ph.D. thesis on file, Oreg . State Univ ., Corvallis . Reed, Kenneth L ., and Warren L. Webb . 1972 . Criteria for selecting an optima l model : terrestrial photosynthesis . In Proceedings-research on coniferous forest ecosystems-a symposium, p . 227-236 , illus. Pac . Northwest Forest & Range Exp . Stn., Portland, Oreg . Ritchie, G. A. 1971 . Transpiration, water potential and stomatal activity in relatio n to microclimate in Abies amabilis an d Abies procera in a natural environment . 226 p. Ph.D. thesis on file, Univ . Wash . , Seattle . Ross, Stephen D . 1972. The seasonal an d diurnal source-sink relationships for photo - assimilated 14 CO 2 in the Douglas-fi r 224
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PE EIE[R-Rg RESEARC H O N CONIFEROU
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Research on Coniferous Forest Ecosy
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Contents SOME BROADER VIEWS OF BIOM
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Page AQUATIC PROCESS STUDIES 279 St
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Proceedings-Research on Coniferous
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directly, to solution of major natu
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4. Nutritional adaptation to enviro
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where validation studies could be c
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have been developed . Prior to thei
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of gross production and respiration
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Figure 1 . Aerial photo of Findley
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Nutrient levels in stream and lake
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Acknowledgments The work reported i
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inputs into the lakes . Recent stud
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was slightly raised in 1902, the la
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climate, surrounding terrestrial en
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more similar than between the diffe
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The net rate of primary production
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community structure and energy flo
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est adapted organism vacillates bet
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U .S . Analysis of Ecosystems, Inte
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successful . Thus we can see modeli
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of the external quantities of S wou
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Figure 2 . The major subsystems of
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subsystems as objects . In addition
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several models together to form the
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Page 55 and 56:
The study areas are located at seve
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K m Figure 1 . Watershed 2, H . J.
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An alternative way of considering i
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Snowmelt A flow chart of the snow a
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d Gs Gr = (1 - Ki) d t By integrati
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Calibration of Parameter s In gener
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model being developed under the Con
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Usually, we are interested in the o
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LINEAR Y~(T) 2nd ORDER Y2 (T) 3rd O
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the watershed. The hydrologic model
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considered as part of another food
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PRIMARY PRRODUCTIO N ■ FOLIAGE CO
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Graham, S. A. 1952. Forest entomolo
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ful in regions with relatively unif
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epresents the basic linkages betwee
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Cleary and Waring 1969, Reed 1971,
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vation that species such as Brewer
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Table 3.-Predicted plant response i
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Walker, Reed, Scott, and Webb are c
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Water and Nutrien t Movement Throug
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Here v is the volume of water cross
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2 10 7100 .160 .220 .280 .340 .400
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.0500 .040 0 z .030 0 E L.) 0 .020
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ment of the flux of ions through th
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Table 2 .-Forest floor composition
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Table 5 .-Monthly amounts of litter
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Figure 2 illustrates how CO 2 produ
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Ballard, T. M. 1968 . Carbon dioxid
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2. How effectively are these chemic
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Table 2 .-Nutrient budget for disso
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Figure 1 . Water content of the sur
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0.12_ _30 rn z 0 Q z w 0 z 0 0 z Q
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_3 0 . Outflow Concentration _ __ R
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0.10_ 0.08 _ Pea k 0.04_ Concentrat
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8J Calciu m 0 I I I I 0.25 0.50 0.7
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water is dominant because flowing w
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Table 1.-Characteristics of study p
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Z w 2 w J w 3 0 Table 2. Average to
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of the nitrogen was not determined.
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Table 6. Total kg per hectare per y
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through litterfall . More amounts o
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Figure 3. Two additional carabiners
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1 1 Figure 11 . The climber places
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Figure 16. The spar in use. The sus
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in our example) and the running tot
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Dashed lines are dead branches . Th
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Table 1.-Transpiration rates, mean
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this case the slopes of activity-ti
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solve equation 2 for Tm since the f
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Page 165 and 166: ing methods . Every point in the sa
Page 167 and 168: Patterns in Point Displacemen t Mea
Page 169 and 170: trees indicates that the coordinate
Page 171 and 172: data; there is no obvious explanati
Page 173 and 174: Proceedings-Research on Coniferous
Page 175 and 176: where C is the percentage cover by
Page 177 and 178: Table 1.-Epiphyte biomass on the tr
Page 179 and 180: NZ. 4 50 100 150 EPIPHYTE IMPORTANC
Page 181 and 182: Table 4.-Biomass estimates (kg) for
Page 183 and 184: watershed 10 (C . T. Dyrness, perso
Page 185 and 186: Table 1 .-Some population character
Page 187 and 188: Table 2 .-Annual litter fall in Col
Page 189 and 190: Table 4. Biomass and growth increme
Page 191 and 192: Table 6.-Annual turnover from certa
Page 193 and 194: Kiil, A. D. 1968. Weight of the fue
Page 195 and 196: condition differ) ; the turnover ra
Page 197 and 198: proportionally about the same for e
Page 199 and 200: Bird Studies The forest birds were
Page 201 and 202: Further Studies The data provided f
Page 203 and 204: Terrestrial Process Studies 209
Page 205 and 206: from theses. The principal processe
Page 207 and 208: Table 1 .-Saturating light intensit
Page 209 and 210: at least 0 .06 percent CO 2 . Howev
Page 211 and 212: Pharis et al. 1967). Again Helms (1
Page 213 and 214: Effects of Leaf Temperature an d Le
Page 215: Literature Cited Baule, H., and C.
Page 221 and 222: Von Bertalanffy (1969) calls nonsum
Page 223 and 224: which may be of importance in model
Page 225 and 226: The first three terms of equation 1
Page 227 and 228: P = F+ R where F = net assimilation
Page 231 and 232: This function is asymptotic to zero
Page 233 and 234: The important interaction between l
Page 237 and 238: (3 = H/AE=yo$/De (3 ) where y is th
Page 239 and 240: 0.4 0.2 v 0 0 w IX -0.2 I- cr -0.4
Page 241 and 242: Table L-Diurnal energy budget compo
Page 243 and 244: 4 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 TIME, H
Page 245 and 246: 1970. Evapotranspiration an d meteo
Page 247 and 248: may bias the results . Meteorologic
Page 249 and 250: 7.4 ppm . The lysimeters at Coshoct
Page 251 and 252: Acknowledgments The work reported i
Page 253 and 254: extracted was determined by the wei
Page 257 and 258: I - 5 -l o -1 5 HPV 1 10 . 0 I . 6
Page 259 and 260: Table 1 .- Tukey's w Multiple Compa
Page 261 and 262: studies in conifers-a review . In J
Page 263 and 264: permeable to both CO 2 and water va
Page 265 and 266: insolation (1 cal cm 2 min-1 ) and
Page 267 and 268:
Aquatic Process Studies 279
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stream environments (Krygier and Ha
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S, - 4ydrolo9i c S2 = I¢rr¢strIa
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ingestion variation between individ
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contribute to detrital compartment
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volume measurement, realizing that
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fer of the indicated carbon-14 trac
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18L LAKE WATER LIGH T 50m1 HOURLY D
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a function of time and space, (b) c
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Table 1.-Suggested criteria for jud
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Table 4.-Average C, N, and P conten
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during 1963 to 1967 and from Lake S
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greater than 7 .2:1 (16:1 by atoms)
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2 .0 1 .0 0 Si P-N N-Si P-Si P-N-Si
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detectable increase in concentratio
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in lakes . J. Ecol . 29 : 280-329 .
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Woodey 1970 ; Thorne, Reeves, and M
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targets are insonified several time
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This program will automatically cal
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The FOREST SERVICE et ; U :' S D pa
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