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UNIT 4: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 163 • Even though some purchases are made in bulk, they include substantial volumes of packaging, which is sent for land filling with the rest of the Lodge’s waste. • There is no awareness of how to purchase environmentally-preferable products, except for buying in bulk. E X E R C I S E S EMISSIONS • All the air-conditioners, refrigerators and the cold room use CFC-11 as a refrigerant. During repair, significant amounts of refrigerant are allowed to escape. The fire extinguishers contain halon. Insecticides and air fresheners are purchased in aerosol spray cans. Foam is regularly used as packaging. • All Savannah Calling’s vehicles operate on diesel. Owing to poor maintenance, the engines are noisy and give out copious exhaust fumes. • The lobby, public areas and back office are all designed as open verandas, so the Lodge’s management is confident that indoor air quality is not an issue. However, the kitchen and laundry exhaust fans are in poor working condition and there is no ventilation in the boiler room. TRAINING EMPLOYEES • Overall environment awareness is low to non-existent. Management does agree that ‘the environment is important’, and that ‘it is good to recycle’, but have no further environment expertise. • The Park authorities require that only licensed game rangers - those that successfully complete the recommended series of ecology, conservation and communication courses - conduct safari tours. There is also a special license for ranger-chauffeurs. However, the Lodge has not verified if any of the rangers and chauffeurs employed by Savannah Calling hold the required licence. • It is further reported that rangers and chauffeurs are very willing to drive off-road to get close to animals for better photographs and even chase and track down bigger species when large tips are imminent. COMMUNICATION TO VISITORS • The Park has put together one brief wildlife information leaflet on resident and migratory species, the only information available to guests. The leaflet contains only scant information and needs to be upgraded. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PARK AUTHORITIES AND THE LOCAL COMMUNITY • The Lodge has just began talks with the Park authorities on a series of management-related problems including conflicts of interest with local communities, poaching, costly administrative delays, poor environment and visitor management, lack of funds and the gradual degradation of the Park’s ecosystem. The Lodge’s management and the Park authorities are working on how the Lodge could contribute towards increasing conservation funds, ensuring game ranger licensing, increasing visitor management and implementing EMS. • The Lodge has no direct contact with the local communities living in the
164 UNIT 4: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS buffer zones, except for the purchase of game meat. A handful of people living in the buffer zone villages work as housekeeping staff and kitchen hands. The rest of the employees are from Pembroek and its suburbs. They are provided with employee housing next to the hotel. GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS baling BEMS benchmark BOD CFC CHP CLF compacting product formally approved as being environmentally- preferable environmentallycertified product EMAS EMS hybrid engine ISO ISO 14000 legionnella pneumophilia LCA national ozone office ODS organic SWOT renewable energy TQM TRV UV-C VOC WBCSD packing together and weighing materials (in this context, for recycling) building energy management system a given quality, quantity or performance level that is used as a standard for comparison biological oxygen demand chlorofluorocarbon combined heat and power (low energy) compact fluorescent lamp pressing materials together so that they become reduced in volume eco-Management and Audit Scheme, a voluntary regulation of the European Union environment management system engine that can operate on two types of fuel International Standards Organisation a series of standards and guidelines on environment quality management systems, developed and implemented by ISO water contaminant that can cause legionnaire’s disease, a serious and potentially fatal infection of the lungs life cycle analysis A government office that implements the national ODS unit phase-out strategy. This focal point should be able to provide additional information about country-specific technical and financial assistance ozone-depleting substance carbon-containing, derived from plants and animals strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats analysis energy that can be generated as fast as it is consumed Total Quality Management thermostatic radio valve Ultra Violet - C volatile organic compound World Business Council for Sustainable Development G L O S S A R Y
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sowing the seeds of change AN ENVIR
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ii Foreword It is with great pleasu
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iv About the Sponsors Le Ministère
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vi Bass Hotels & Resorts Bass Hotel
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viii Table of Contents USER’S GUI
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x Unit 4: Environment Management Sy
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003 UNIT 1 WHERE DO WE STAND? THE S
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SECTION 1: THE STATE OF THE ENVIRON
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UNIT 1: WHERE DO WE STAND? THE STAT
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TOURISM, HOSPITALITY AND THE ENVIRO
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038 UNIT 2: TOURISM, HOSPITALITY AN
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046 SECTION 4: THE NEED FOR ENVIRON
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055 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENT LAW, VOLUNTA
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SECTION 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO ENVIR
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SECTION 2: VOLUNTARY INITIATIVES AN
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UNIT 3: ENVIRONMENT LAW, VOLUNTARY
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069 UNIT 4 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT S
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SECTION 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO ENVIR
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SECTION 2: DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENT
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UNIT 4: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT SYST
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PARTING THOUGHTS 211 “Expand your
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RESOURCES 213 The following is a li
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215 Unit 4 Being Green Keeps You Ou
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217 Introduction of Environment Imp
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Our natural ecologies today are in
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