Preventing Childhood Obesity - Evidence Policy and Practice.pdf

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Working in primary care 20 Hughes AR , Stewart L , Chapple J et al: Randomized, controlled trial of a best - practice individualized behavioral program for treatment of childhood overweight: Scottish Childhood Overweight Treatment Trial (SCOTT) . Pediatrics 2008 ; 121 : e539 – e546 . 21 Patrick K , Calfas KJ , Norman GJ et al: Randomized controlled trial of a primary care and home - based intervention for physical activity and nutrition behaviors: PACE+ for adolescents . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006 ; 160 : 128 – 136 . 22 Ford BS , McDonald TE, Owens AS , Robinson TN : Primary care interventions to reduce television viewing in African - American children . Am J Prev Med 2002 ; 22 : 106 – 109 . 23 Wake M : Better outcomes for obese children in general practice: randomized controlled trial of a new shared - care model vs usual care. 2008 ; Registered trial. Available from: www. anzctr.org.au/trial_view.aspx?ID=82549 (accessed 28 April 2008). 24 King A : The Primary Health Care Strategy . Wellington, New Zealand : Ministry of Health , 2001 . 25 Goldenring J , Rosen D : Getting into adolescent heads: an essential update . Contemp Pediatr 2004 ; 21 : 64 – 90 . 26 DeBar LL , Ritenbaugh C , Aickin M et al: Youth: a health plan - based lifestyle intervention increases bone mineral density in adolescent girls . Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2006 ; 160 : 1269 – 1276 . 27 Ortega - Sanchez R , Jimenez - Mena C, Cordoba - Garcia R , Munoz-Lopez J , Garcia-Machado ML , Vilaseca-Canals J : The effect of office-based physician ’s advice on adolescent exercise behavior . Prev Med 2004 ; 38 : 219 – 226 . 28 Saelens BE , Sallis JF, Wilfley DE , Patrick K , Cella JA , Buchta R : Behavioral weight control for overweight adolescents initiated in primary care . Obes Res 2002 ; 10 : 22 – 32 . 29 Holterman A - X , Browne A , Dillard BE et al: Short - term outcome in the first 10 morbidly obese adolescent patients in the FDA - approved trial for laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding . J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2007 ; 45 : 465 – 473 . 30 Rogers L , Gerner B , Wake M , Gunn J : LEAP trial . Aust Fam Phys 2007 ; 36 : 887 – 888 . 31 World Health Organization : Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care . Geneva, Switzerland : World Health Organization , 1978 . 32 Offi ce of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights . Convention on the Rights of the Child. 1989 ; Available from: www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm (accessed 28 April 2008). 275
CHAPTER 32 Working with m inority g roups in d eveloped c ountries Lisa Gibbs, 1 Mulugeta Abebe 2 and Elisha Riggs 1 1 Jack Brockhoff Child Health and Wellbeing Program, McCaughey Centre, Melbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia 2 Merri Community Health Services, Melbourne, Australia Summary and recommendations for research and practice • Ethnic diversity adds to the complexity of developing and implementing effective community - based obesity prevention research and programs. • Models of cultural competence in public health research provide guidance in working with minority groups in developed countries. • Working with minority groups requires researchers and practitioners to be reflective about their own cultural framework. • Flexibility in communication styles, research processes, program strategies and methodologies increases the potential for meaningful involvement of minority groups. • Respectful, participatory approaches allow for mutual knowledge exchange and support relevant research and program outcomes. • Culturally competent community - based research and programs may help to address health inequities that operate in relation to ethnicity and overweight/ obesity. Introduction Incorporating the e vidence The complexity of developing community - based obesity prevention interventions is well established. It Preventing Childhood Obesity. Edited by E. Waters, B.A. Swinburn, J.C. Seidell and R. Uauy. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing. arises from the range of socio - environmental influences on changes in weight status at a population level 1 and the subsequent need for multi - level, sustainable strategies in different settings and contexts. 2 The lack of uniformity in “real-world ” settings is increasingly recognized as a challenge for study design, implementation and evaluation. 3 This is further complicated by the global increase in population diversity in developed countries. 4 The evidence on health inequities for minority groups in developed countries is well established and highlights the need for consideration of diversity in obesity prevention efforts. It requires a flexible, culturally competent approach to the design and implementation of interventions (see Box 32.1 ). Culturally com petent strategies for public health research and interventions have recently been developed to guide this process and are used as the basis for this chapter. 5,6 These strategies are designed to assist researchers to shift from an expert - driven to a participatory approach with increasing understanding and capa city for accommodating the added complexity inherent in cross - cultural exchanges. The intention is to encourage a culturally reflective process among researchers and health promotion practitioners who are working with minority groups in developed countries. This chapter is particularly relevant to those involved in public health and health promotion community - based research and interventions. The term “ interventions ” is a research term that potentially has negative connotations to lay readers. Therefore, for the remainder of the chapter the alternative terms, “ programs ” , “ initiatives ” and “ strategies ” are used. 276
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Preventing Childhood Obesity Eviden
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Preventing Childhood Obesity Eviden
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Contents Foreword, vii Contributors
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Foreword Obesity became a major hea
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Contributors Rob Carter PhD Head, H
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Contributors Shiriki Kumanyika PhD,
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Preface If we had all the evidence,
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CHAPTER 1 The c hildhood o besity e
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Childhood obesity epidemic Table 1.
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Childhood obesity epidemic explain
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Childhood obesity epidemic Table 1.
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Childhood obesity epidemic hepatiti
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Childhood obesity epidemic 15 Shiel
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CHAPTER 2 Lessons from the c ontrol
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Lessons from the control of other e
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Childhood obesity prevention overvi
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CHAPTER 4 No c ountry for f at c hi
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No country for fat children? Ethica
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A human rights approach to childhoo
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Part 2 community and government age
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Chapter 6 Questions Evidence needed
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Chapter 6 ioral determinants rather
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Chapter 6 These issues are particul
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Chapter 6 15 Carrel AL , Bernhardt
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Chapter 7 at the state level to app
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Chapter 7 prevention efforts, parti
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Chapter 7 interventions. This appro
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CHAPTER 8 Evidence of the i nfl uen
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Chapter 8 choices in adolescence, 1
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Chapter 8 itself is unlikely to res
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Chapter 8 20 Cullen K , Baranowski
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Chapter 9 meal frequency, decreased
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Chapter 9 were behavioral (parent -
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Chapter 9 changes regarding partici
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Chapter 9 36 Campbell KJ , Hesketh
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Chapter 10 condition obesity in chi
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Chapter 10 the release of energy an
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Chapter 10 whereas Flynn et al 25 a
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Chapter 10 11 Baranowski T : Advanc
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CHAPTER 11 Obesity p revention in s
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Chapter 11 translation (see Chapter
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Chapter 11 overweight and obesity r
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CHAPTER 12 The p revention of c hil
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Chapter 12 Selective prevention pro
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Chapter 12 Table 12.1 Recommendatio
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Chapter 12 Table 12.1 Continued Gui
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Chapter 12 short - and long - term
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Chapter 12 33 Woo KS , Chook P , Yu
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Chapter 13 There is a relatively sm
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Chapter 13 Modifying the b uilt e n
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Chapter 13 capacity to support chil
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Chapter 13 45 Staunton C , Hubsmith
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Chapter 14 Changes in the food envi
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Chapter 14 Promising interventions
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Chapter 14 10 USDA - ERS : Food CPI
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CHAPTER 15 Food and b everage m ark
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Chapter 15 Box 15.1 The findings of
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Chapter 15 Food, however, is not to
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Chapter 15 competitive analysis eac
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Chapter 15 behaviour: exploring the
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Chapter 16 pawn or sell possessions
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Chapter 16 obesity and that this ma
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Chapter 16 impact of this deprivati
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Chapter 16 10 Marin - Leon L , Sega
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CHAPTER 17 Socio - c ultural i ssue
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Chapter 17 The s ocio - c ultural e
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Chapter 17 with limited access and/
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Chapter 17 What else can be done to
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Chapter 17 55 Grier S , Kumanyika S
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Chapter 18 Ironically, these countr
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Chapter 18 key environmental factor
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Chapter 18 countries precludes the
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Chapter 18 7 Jafar TH , Qadri Z , I
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CHAPTER 19 Evaluation of c ommunity
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Evaluation of community-based obesi
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CHAPTER 20 Economic e valuation of
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Economic evaluation of obesity inte
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CHAPTER 21 Monitoring of c hildhood
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Monitoring of childhood obesity Non
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Monitoring of childhood obesity Noo
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Monitoring of childhood obesity Tab
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Monitoring of childhood obesity 11
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Knowledge translation and exchange
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The role of advocacy Why d o w e n
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The role of advocacy mate long - te
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The role of advocacy position put o
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The role of advocacy 6 Yach D , Haw
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Part 4 infrastructure, funding or r
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Chapter 24 by examining why policy
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Chapter 24 has privileged the manuf
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Chapter 24 case study is an analysi
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Chapter 24 by being highly visible
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CHAPTER 25 Developing the political
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Chapter 25 Involuntary: all society
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Chapter 25 Shiriki Kumanyika and co
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Chapter 25 The next steps Given the
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CHAPTER 26 Community i nterventions
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Chapter 26 Table 26.1 The health pr
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Page 263 and 264: Chapter 28 Box 28.1 The EPODE progr
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Page 267 and 268: Chapter 28 Figure 28.2 Promoting ph
Page 269 and 270: Chapter 28 marketing, there is ofte
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Page 273 and 274: Chapter 29 length gain observed in
Page 275 and 276: Chapter 29 tissue deposition relate
Page 277 and 278: Chapter 29 A study in the USA found
Page 279 and 280: Chapter 29 7 Cole TJ , Bellizzi MC
Page 281 and 282: Chapter 29 environmental approaches
Page 283 and 284: Chapter 30 it all on their own, sin
Page 285 and 286: Chapter 30 Forty - three countries
Page 287 and 288: Chapter 30 Box 30.2 Elements of the
Page 289 and 290: Chapter 31 childhood obesity rates
Page 291 and 292: Chapter 31 became inactive or was t
Page 293: Chapter 31 healthy diets and portio
Page 297 and 298: Chapter 32 and reflect the circumst
Page 299 and 300: Chapter 32 inclusion and exclusion
Page 301 and 302: Chapter 32 3 Mercer SL , Vinney JD
Page 303 and 304: Chapter 33 % of total DALYs lost 2
Page 305 and 306: Chapter 33 Finally, within a given
Page 307 and 308: Chapter 33 urbanized and have aband
Page 309 and 310: Chapter 33 Box 33.1 Recommendations
Page 311 and 312: CHAPTER 34 Preventing c hildhood o
Page 313 and 314: Chapter 34 with a plateau in cigare
Page 315 and 316: Chapter 34 segments of the populati
Page 317 and 318: Index academic performance 11, 264
Page 319 and 320: Index evidence-based and evidence-i
Page 321 and 322: Index community-based 33, 58, 151,
Page 323 and 324: Index parental support 67 PE 25, 81
Page 325: Index Minnesota Heart Heath Project
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