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16 THE MEDICAL LANGUAGE OF ST. LUKE. [part i. met further on. Here he uses TrpoaavaXlaKHv. Hipp. Eat. Vic. 356 : inro rrig tivfiriQ row o^tog to vypov TrpoaavaAoorai. Gralen. Comm. i. 26, Progn. (xviii. B. 84) : el dt. koI irpaog 6 TTvpiTog eh], Evvijaerai ttote Ttiâi rovg ixo)(6ripovg ^vfjiovg ?} dvvafiig ev t(^ xp6v(t) fxi) (pOaaacFa TrpoaavaXijodrivai ry twv TTvpiTwv 6E,uTrjTi. Galeu. Morb. Aeut. Secund. Hipp. 4 (xix. 192) : a rig rrepl djv ok/xi^v b\o(T)(ep£aTipag airaiTil Tpofpag 7rpo(TavaXu)ddai]g rJjc Svvafxeojg. iKavaXiaKiiv and KaravaXicrKHv are also thus used in the medical writers (a). § XIY. Sepaireia. Luke, ix. 11 : And the people, when they knew it, followed him : and he received them and spake unto them of the kingdom of God, and healed them that had need of healing (roue XP^'"*^ ex^'^'^^^ Bepairdag iaro). QepaTreia, in this sense, is used by St. Luke only, and once in Eev. xxii. 2. It was the usual word in the medical writers for " medical treatment," &c. Hipp. Morb. Acut. 399 : roue ^6 aKaraaTa- Tovg Tivv TTvpsTuv, Ictv fxi\pig av KaTaaTwaiv, okotuv ce (ttoxtiv a7ravTii]aat Suutij kciI OepairEnj ry Trpoai]KOvay. Hipp. Morb. Aeut. 406 : aaiâXeaTipr) 'yap yiveraL 17 depa-ndrj. Hipp. Morb. (a) The raising of Jairtis's daughter.—Luke, viii. 55: And her spirit came again (eVeo-T/jeife tJ) irvevfioi). This passage has been considered by some as one in which St. Luke employs medical language, and has been rendered "her breathing" or "respiration'* returned. This rendering, though possible, seems improbable, for the phrase eVeVrpe^l/e rh Trvevfxa= "respiration returned," is very unlike a medical one ; and had St. Luke intended merely this, he would most likely, as a physician, have employed, in accordance witli medical usage, avaiTvoi], not iri/eC/ua. avanvori was the medical term for respiration. Galen has written two works on the subject, named, " On the Causes of Respiration," irepl ruv rjjs auaTrvorjs alrluy, and " On the Use of Eespiration," irepl xpeias avaTTvorjs. He defines it, Med. Defin. 108 (xix. 375), and it is the term used throughout his works, passim, e. g. speaking of the cessation of breathing, Loc. AfEcct. i. G (viii. 34) : oZtos ijXp ovk dcpwvov ix6vov RTroTeAe?, t5 ^wov
§ XV.] THE MEDICAL LANGUAGE OF ST. LUKE. 17 Acut. 690 : rj St v7roXeiin]Tai cXkeo, irXetovog SiT/cct Oepairdijg. Aretaeus, Ciir. Morb. Acut. 82 : BipaTrda 0jO£virtKwv. Do. 88 : Btpairda XtÔapyiKwv. Do. 91 : âpaafxov OtpaTTtia— dipaTTîa aTTOTrXTj^tijc- Do. 94 : Oepairtia Trapoûo-juou tTrtXtjTr- TiKwv. Do. 95 : depaTrda Ttrdvov. Dioscor. Animal. Yen. 3 : TpoTTog St rf/c Oipairdag fVepoc uyiadco. Galen. Progn. ad Posth. 2 (xiv. 609) : irepl riig depandag tov voa^fxarog. § XV. * a^pog. * airoxwpHv. * tTri(5\i7reiv. eâicpvrjg. The healing of a demoniac child.—Luke, ix. 38, 39 : And, behold, a man of the company cried out, saying, Master, I beseech thee, look upon {lirijSXexfjov) my son, for he is mine only child. And, lo, a sj)irit taketh him, and he suddenly {lâi(f)vi]g) crieth out ; and it teareth him that he foameth again {juto. acppov), and bruising him hardly departeth awoxojpd) from him. {fxoyig * a(j)p6g is used by Hippocrates and Aretaeus in describing the symptoms of epilepsy, which would seem, from St. Luke's and St. Mark's narrative, to have been the disease through which in this instance the devils exerted their power over this child. Hipp. Morb. Sac. 303 (Epilepsy) : Tjv Si a^pov Ik tov aropuTog aîij kol Tolat ttocti AaKTt^y. Hipp. Morb. trviyei, (TrepiffKwv rrjs avaTTvorjs. Aretaeus, also, througliout his works constantly uses avanvo-i]. iTvevjj,a is often used by the medical writers in conjunction with avaiTvuu and avairvoi], to signify the air or breath inhaled during the act of respiration, e. g. Hippocrates, Dieb. Judicat. 57 : avaTrvioov irovKv a.0p6ov irvevfia. Aretaeus, Sign. Acut. Morb. 19 : nal yhp koI Sia nufv/xovos e\Kei nvivjxa. eis dvairvoriv rj KapSlrj. Galen. Praedic. i. Coram, i. 4 (xvi. 619) : S(' wv rh TTViv/jLa Kara Tas avaTrvoas ficru re Kal e|a) (pepTjTai. Hippocrates sometimes loosely uses irvevfia for avairvo^, and Galen found it necessary to explain this at times in his commentaries on the works of Hippocrates: thus commenting on the Aphorism: iv ToTai irvperoTffi rh n-vev/xa rrpoffKOTTTOv Kcuthv, ffirao'/j.hi' yap (Trj/xaivei, ho says, irvedfia vZv aKovffTiov aiirhy \eyeiv, Harmp kclv r
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