Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology

552 Appendix IIIthereby enhancing American leadership in the InformationAge.”1999Raymond Kurzweil, founder, chairman, and chief executiveofficer, Kurzweil Technologies, Inc.: “For pioneering and innovativeachievements in computer science such as voice recognition,which have overcome many barriers and enriched the livesof disabled persons and all Americans.”Robert Taylor (Ret.): “For visionary leadership in the developmentof modern computing technology, including computer networks,the personal computer and the graphical user interface.”2000Douglas C. Engelbart, director, Bootstrap Institute: “For creatingthe foundations of personal computing including continuous,real-time interaction based on cathode-ray tube displaysand the mouse, hypertext linking, text editing, on-line journals,shared-screen teleconferencing, and remote collaborative work.More than any other person, he created the personal computingcomponent of the computer revolution.”The IBM Corporation: “For 40 years of innovations in thetechnology of hard disk drives and information storage products.IBM is widely recognized as the world’s leader in basic datastorage technologies, and holds over 2,000 U.S. patents. IBMis a top innovator of component technologies—such as flyingmagnetic heads (thin film heads, and magneto resistive heads),film disks, head accessing systems, digital signal processing andcoding, as well as innovative hard disk drive systems. Some specificIBM inventions are used in every modern hard drive today:thin film inductive heads, MR and GMR heads, rotary actuators,sector servos and advanced disk designs. These advances outranforeign hard disk technology and enabled the U.S. industry tomaintain the lead it holds today.”2001Arun N. Netravali, Chief Scientist, Lucent Technologies andPast President of Bell Labs: “For his leadership in the field ofcommunication systems; for pioneering contributions thattransformed TV from analog to digital, enabling numerous integratedcircuits, systems and services in broadcast TV, CATV,DBS, HDTV, and multimedia over the Internet; and for technicalexpertise and leadership, which have kept Bell Labs at the forefrontin communications technology.”Jerry M. Woodall, Yale University: “For his pioneering role inthe research and development of compound semiconductormaterials and devices; for the invention and development oftechnologically and commercially important compound semiconductorheterojunction materials, processes, and relateddevices, such as light-emitting diodes, lasers, ultra-fast transistors,and solar cells.”new industries in wide bandgap semiconductors and enablingother new industries in efficient blue, green, and white light,full-color displays, high-power solid-state microwave amplifiers,more efficient/compact power supplies, higher efficiency powerdistribution/transmission systems, and gemstones.”Carver A. Mead, California Institute of Technology: “For hispioneering contributions to microelectronics that include spearheadingthe development of tools and techniques for modernintegrated-circuit design, laying the foundation for fabless semiconductorcompanies, catalyzing the electronic-design automationfield, training generations of engineers that have made theUnited States the world leader in microelectronics technology,and founding more than twenty companies.”Team of Nick Holonyak, Jr. (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign), M. George Craford (Lumileds Lighting Corp.)and Russell Dean Dupuis (Georgia Institute of Technology):“For contributions to the development and commercializationof light-emitting diode (LED) technology, with applications todigital displays, consumer electronics, automotive lighting, trafficsignals, and general illumination.”2003Robert M. Metcalfe: “For leadership in the invention, standardization,and commercialization of the Ethernet.”Watts S. Humphrey: “For his vision of a discipline for softwareengineering, for his work toward meeting that vision, and forthe resultant impact on the U.S. Government, industry, and academiccommunities.”2004Ralph H. Baer: “For his groundbreaking and pioneering creation,development and commercialization of interactive videogames, which spawned related uses, applications, and megaindustriesin both the entertainment and education realms.”2005Semiconductor Research Corporation: “For building the world’slargest and most successful university research force to supportthe rapid growth and advance of the semiconductor industry;for proving the concept of collaborative research as the firsthigh-tech research consortium; and for creating the concept andmethodology that evolved into the International TechnologyRoadmap for Semiconductors.”Xerox Corporation: “For over 50 years of innovation in marking,materials, electronics communications, and software thatcreated the modern reprographics, digital printing, and printon-demandindustries.”2006–2007[No computer-related recipients]2002Calvin H. Carter, Cree, Inc.: “For his exceptional contributionsto the development of silicon carbide wafers, leading to