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Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan Republik Indonesia ...

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Aneks 1 – Pembuatan Produk SterilSterilisasi Cara Radiasi117. Sterilisasi dengan cara radiasi terutamadigunakan untuk bahan <strong>dan</strong> produkyang peka terhadap panas. Banyak obat<strong>dan</strong> bahan pengemas peka terhadapradiasi, sehingga metode ini hanyadipakai jika terbukti tidak berdampakmerusak yang dibuktikan melaluieksperimen. Biasanya radiasi ultraviolettidak diterima sebagai metode sterilisasi.118. Jika sterilisasi cara radiasi dilakukanoleh pihak luar, maka industribertanggung jawab atas pemenuhanpersyaratan yang tercantum pada Butir103 <strong>dan</strong> proses sterilisasi tervalidasi.Hendaklah ditetapkan tanggung jawabdari perusahaan yang melakukan radiasi(misal penggunaan dosis yang benar).119. Dosis radiasi hendaklah diukur selamaproses sterilisasi. Untuk itu, perludigunakan indikator dosimetri, yangindependen terhadap tingkat dosis yangseharusnya digunakan <strong>dan</strong>menunjukkan jumlah dosis yangditerima oleh produk. Dosimeterhendaklah diselipkan di antara muatandalam jumlah yang cukup <strong>dan</strong> salingberdekatan untuk memastikan bahwaselalu ada dosimeter dalam irradiator.Jika dosimeter plastik digunakanhendaklah selalu dalam kondisiterkalibrasi. Serapan dosimeterhendaklah dibaca segera setelahpemaparan terhadap radiasi.120. Indikator biologis dapat dipakai sebagaialat pemantau tambahan. Cakramwarna peka-radiasi dapat dipakai untukmembedakan kemasan yang sudahdiradiasi <strong>dan</strong> yang belum; namun bukanmerupakan indikator keberhasilanproses sterilisasi. Informasi yangdiperoleh hendaklah merupakan bagiandari catatan bets.121. Prosedur validasi hendaklahmemastikan bahwa akibat variasiSterilization by RadiationAnnex 1 – Manufacture of SterilePharmaceutical Products117. Radiation sterilization is used mainly forthe sterilization of heat sensitivematerials and products. Manypharmaceutical products and somepackaging materials are radiationsensitive,so this method is permissibleonly when the absence of deleteriouseffects on the product has beenconfirmed experimentally. Ultravioletirradiation is not normally an acceptablemethod of sterilization.118. If sterilization by radiation is carried outby an outside contractor, themanufacturer is responsible for ensuringthat the requirements of section 103 aremet, and that the sterilization process isvalidated. The responsibilities of theradiation plant operator (e.g. for usingthe correct dose) should also bespecified.119. During the sterilization procedure theradiation dose should be measured. Forthis purpose, dosimetry indicators whichare independent of dose rate should beused, giving a quantitative measurementof the dose received by the productitself. Dosimeters should be inserted inthe load in sufficient number and closeenough together to ensure that there isalways a dosimeter in the irradiator.Where plastic dosimeters are used theyshould be used within the time-limit oftheir calibration. Dosimeter absorbancesshould be read within a short periodafter exposure to radiation.120. Biological indicators may be used as anadditional control. Radiation-sensitivecolour discs may be used to differentiatebetween packages that have beensubjected to irradiation and those thathave not; they are not indicators ofsuccessful sterilization. The informationobtained should constitute part of thebatch record.121. Validation procedures should ensurethat the effects of variations in density ofEdisi 2009 - 40 - 2009 Edition

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