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192 ❘❚<br />

WOMEN AS MANAGERS SCALE (WAMS) 1<br />

Lawrence H. Peters, James R. Terborg, and Janet Taynor<br />

Instructions: The following items are an attempt to assess the attitudes that people have<br />

about women in business. The best answer to each statement is your honest personal<br />

opinion. The statements cover many different and opposing points <strong>of</strong> view; you may<br />

find that you agree strongly with some <strong>of</strong> the statements, disagree just as strongly with<br />

others, and perhaps feel uncertain about others. Whether you agree or disagree with any<br />

statement, you can be sure that many people feel the same way you do.<br />

Rating Scale:<br />

1—Strongly Disagree<br />

2—Disagree<br />

3—Slightly Disagree<br />

4—Neither Disagree nor Agree<br />

5—Slightly Agree<br />

6—Agree<br />

7—Strongly Agree<br />

Using the numbers from 1 to 7 on the rating scale, indicate your personal opinion<br />

about each statement in the blank that precedes it. Remember to give your personal<br />

opinion according to how much you agree or disagree with each item. Please respond to<br />

all items.<br />

_____ 1. It is less desirable for women than for men to have a job that requires<br />

responsibility.<br />

_____ 2. Women have the objectivity required to evaluate business situations<br />

properly.<br />

_____ 3. Challenging work is more important to men than it is to women.<br />

_____ 4. Men and women should be given equal opportunity for participation in<br />

management-training programs.<br />

_____ 5. Women have the capability to acquire the necessary skills to be successful<br />

managers.<br />

_____ 6. On the average, women managers are less capable <strong>of</strong> contributing to an<br />

organization’s overall goals than are men.<br />

_____ 7. It is not acceptable for women to assume leadership roles as <strong>of</strong>ten as men.<br />

1 The WAMS scale, developed by Lawrence H. Peters, James R. Terborg, and Janet Taynor, is used here with the permission <strong>of</strong> the<br />

publisher, Academy <strong>of</strong> Management Journal, © 1977, and the authors. The scale may be reproduced for educational/training/research activities,<br />

and no special permission for such use is required. However, requests for permission for systematic or large-scale reproduction or<br />

distribution—or inclusion <strong>of</strong> items in publications for sale—must be directed to the Academy <strong>of</strong> Management Journal.<br />

The Pfeiffer Library Volume 19, 2nd Edition. Copyright © 1998 Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer

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