list of figures - Terry Sunderland

prickle-like spines; bracts tightly sheathing, up to 70 cm long with an expanded,
papyraceous limb ± 5 cm long; partial inflorescences to 40 cm long, with up to 15 or
more rachillae on each side, subtended by bracts + 2 cm long (1 cm. exposed), with
mouths + 7 mm wide and with a short triangular limb to 4 mm; rachillae up to 7 cm
long, arcuate, arranged distichously; bracts distichous, dull brown in colour, ciliatehairy
around the mouth. Male flowers solitary, distichous, with a minute involucre to
1 mm long; calyx 4 mm long, tubular for + 3 mm, with 3 short, triangular, striate
lobes; corolla-lobes to 7 mm long x 2 mm wide, fused at the base for + 1 mm, widely
diverging at anthesis; stamens to 4 mm long, minutely epipetalous, with filaments up
to 3 mm long, anthers + 3 mm. long, medifixed; pollen yellow. Sterile male flower
very similar to fertile male but slightly shorter and narrower. Female flower with
calyx tubular at first and then splitting as ovary increases in size, lobes + 3 mm long;
corolla-lobes + 5 x 2 mm, with 6 minutely epipetalous flattened staminodes; ovary ± 5
mm long by 2.5 mm wide, tipped by 3 stigmas + 1 mm long, markedly recurved at
anthesis. Fruit at maturity to 1.5 cm, x 1 cm with a short beak up to 2 mm tipped by
remains of the style, with 17-20 vertical rows of scales. Seed flattened laterally, + 9 x
8 x 5 mm, with sarcotesta + 1 mm thick when dry; endosperm homogeneous, embryo
basal. Germination adjacent -ligular; eophyll pinnate.
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