R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Explosives

Dioxyethylnitramine Dinitrate
Dioxyethylnitramine Dinitrate
Nitrodiethanolamindinitrat;
dinitrate de dioxydthylnitramine; DINA
colorless crystals
empirical formula: C4H8N4O8
molecular weight: 240.1
energy of formation: –249.8 kcal/kg = –1045.1 kJ/kg
enthalpy of formation: –274.4 kcal/kg = –1148.2 kJ/kg
oxygen balance: –26.6%
nitrogen content: 23.34%
volume of explosion gases: 924 l/kg
heat of explosion
(H2O liq.): 1304 kcal/kg = 5458 kJ/kg
(H2O gas): 1201 kcal/kg = 5025 kJ/kg
specific energy: 133 mt/kg = 1306 kJ/kg
density: 1.488 g/cm3 melting point: 51.3 °C 124.3 °F
detonation velocity, confined:
7580 m/s = 25000ft/s at r = 1.47 g/cm3 impact sensitivity: 0.6 kp m = 6 N m
This compound is prepared from diethanolamine and nitric acid with
acetic anhydride as a dehydrating agent and in the presence of
hydrochloric acid as a catalyst. The nitration product is stabilized by
boiling in water, followed by dissolution in acetone and reprecipitation
with water.
It is a satisfactory gelatinizer for nitrocellulose and is a powerful
explosive, comparable to Hexogen and PETN. Double base propellants
based on DINA instead of nitroglycerine are named “Albanite”.
Dipentaerythritol Hexanitrate
Hexanitrodipentaerythrit; hexanitrate de dipentaérythrite; DIPEHN
colorless crystals
empirical formula: C10H16N6O19
molecular weight: 524.2
energy of formation: – 424.2 kcal/kg = –1771 kJ/kg
enthalpy of formation: – 446 kcal/kg = –1867 kJ/kg
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