R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Explosives

235 Nitrourea
energy of formation: – 164,69 kcal/kg = – 689,10 kJ/kg
enthalpie of formation: – 185,14 kcal/kg = – 774,60 kJ/kg
oxygen balance: – 24,6%
nitrogen content: 43,07%
volume of detonation gases: 855 l/kg
heat of explosion
(H2O liq.): 752,4 kcal/kg = 3148 kJ/kg
(H2O gas): 715,4 kcal/kg = 2993 kJ/kg
specific energy: 96,4 mt/kg = 945,4 kJ/kg
density: 1,91 g/cm 3
detonation velocity: unconfined 7860 m/s at r =
1,80 g/cm 3
confined 7940 m/s at r = 1,77 g/cm 3
deflagration point: > 270 °C = > 540 °F
impact sensitivity: ≥ 120 Nm
friction sensitivity: at 36 kp = 353 N pistil load no reaction
NTO is synthesised in a two step process by reacting semicarbazide
HCl with formic acid to obtain 1,2,4 triazole-5-one and followed by
nitration to NTO.
NTO is used as an component in IHE (insensitive high explosives)
NTO is like EDNA an acetic nitramine. It forms easily salts with organic
bases like melamine guanidine and ethylene diamine.
Nitrourea
Nitroharnstoff; nitro-urée
colorless crystals
empirical formula: CH3N3O3
molecular weight: 105.1
energy of formation: –617.2 kcal/kg = –2582.4 kJ/kg
enthalpy of formation:
–642.5 kcal/kg = –2688.4 kJ/kg
oxygen balance: –7.6%
nitrogen content: 39.98%
volume of explosion gases: 853 l/kg
heat of explosion (H2O liq.): 895 kcal/kg = 3745 kJ/kg
specific energy: 93.0 mt/kg = 912 kJ/kg
melting point: 159 °C = 318 °F (decomposition)
beginning of decomposition: 80 °C = 176 °F