R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Explosives

Exudation
buyers and users must prove their competence to the authorities and
are obliged by law to keep a storage record. The manner of construction
of the buildings serving as storerooms, the permissible stacking
height, and the minimum distance between residental buildings and
buildings in which explosives are stored (or produced) are in most
cases officially specified.
In order to estimate the safe distance required for an amount M of the
explosive, it may be assumed that this distance increases with the
cube root of M; we thus have f · 3
öäM. If M is given in kg, and the safe
distance is to be obtained in meters, then f is about 16 for the distance
to inhabited buildings, about 8 for the distance between dangerous
and safe areas of the explosive-manufacturing plant, and about 1.5 for
the distance between one storehouse and another.
Transport regulations for dangerous materials: W RID; W IATA; W IMO;
W Mass Explosions Risk.
Exudation
Ausschwitzen; exsudation
The separation of oily ingredients out of explosives during prolonged
storage, especially at elevated temperatures. It may be caused by low
melting eutectics of isomers or primary products of the explosive
material or by added ingredients. Exudation may particularly be anticipated
in TNT shell charges; accordingly, the chemical purity standards
of the product (W TNT, specifications) are particularly important.
In propellant charges, exudation occurs if the percentage of e.g.,
nitroglycerine, aromatic compounds, gelatinizers, or vaseline is high.
The propellant grains will agglomerate whereby ignition will suffer. The
same disadvantage may be caused by crystalline separation of stabilizers.
The ballistic performance can also be affected.
Prolonged storage, especially in wet climates, may cause exudation of
gelatinous nitroglycerine explosives. Mostly, the exudated liquid consists
of a watery ammonium nitrate solution; initiation sensitivity and
performance may be affected. Highly dangerous is the exudation of
unbonded nitroglycerine; it occurs when the gelatinization with nitrocellulose
(blasting soluble) was faulty or the nitrocellulose of bad
quality.
Face Burning
136
“Cigarette-Burning”; Stirnabbrand; combustion en cigarette
In rocket technology, a design of the propellant charge which results in
the combustion process being restricted to the cross-section of the
Explosives. Sixth Edition. Rudolf Meyer, Josef Köhler, Axel Homburg
Copyright © 2007 Wiley-VCH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
ISBN: 978-3-527-31656-4