R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Explosives

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367 Zinc Peroxide X-Ray Flash By using special X-ray tubes and very fast high-voltage circuitry, it is possible to generate and trigger ultrashort X-ray flashes down to the nano-/micro-second range. These X-ray flashes are an important mean of short-time photography because they enable fast occuring phenomena to be recorded by means of X-ray photographs. In practice, this possibility of short-time radioscopy of test specimens is made use of for shaped charges (W Shaped Charges). Thus, it is possible, during a desired time of detonation, to make a photographic record, in the form of single X-ray photographs, of the penetration and streaming behaviour of the sting into a target. Zinc Peroxide Zinkperoxid; peroxyde de zinc n ZnO2 · Zn(OH)2, n ≥3 light yellow amorphous powder sum formula: ZnO2 molecular weight: 97.379 g energy of formation: –344.8 kJ/mole enthalpy of formation: –347.3 kJ/mole oxygen balance: 16.43% density: 1.57 g/cm3 melting point: >150 °C Fp.: decomposition upwards of 200 °C Zinc peroxide is not hygroscopic and insoluble in water and organic solvents. The compound results from reaction of an ammoniacal zinc sulfate solution wit 30% hydrogen peroxide at 80°–95 °C. The bulk density and oxygen value can ba varied over a relatively wide range if certain temperature and concentration conditions are maintained. Zinc peroxide is used in pyrotechnic mixtures and primer compositions whose reaction products should not contain any corrosive and hazardous components (W SINTOX Primer Compositions). Explosives. Sixth Edition. Rudolf Meyer, Josef Köhler, Axel Homburg Copyright © 2007 Wiley-VCH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 978-3-527-31656-4
Literature Literature Books*) 368 1. Manuals: Escales, R.: Die Schießbaumwolle, Veit, Leipzig 1905 Escales, R.: Nitroglycerin und Dynamit, Veit, Leipzig 1908 Escales, R.: Ammonsalpetersprengstoffe, Veit, Leipzig 1909 Escales, R.: Chloratsprengstoffe, Veit, Leipzig 1910 Brunswig, H.: Schlagwettersichere Sprengstoffe, W. de Gruyter, Leipzig 1910 Escales, R.: Nitrosprengstoffe, Veit, Leipzig 1915 Escales, R. und Stettbacher, A.: Initialsprengstoffe, Veit, Leipzig 1917 Kast, H.: Spreng- und Zündstoffe, Vieweg, Braunschweig 1921 Brunswig, H.: Explosivstoffe, W. de Gruyter, Leipzig 1923 Beyling, C. und Drehkopf, K.: Sprengstoffe und Zündmittel, Springer, Berlin 1936 Stettbacher, A.: Spreng- und Schießstoffe, Rascher, Zürich 1948 Naoum, Ph. und Berthmann, A.: Explosivstoffe, Hanser, München 1954 Davis, T.L.: The Chemistry of Powder and Explosives, Wiley, New York 1956 Cook, M.A.: The Science of High Explosives, Chapman & Hall, London 1958, korrig. Nachdruck 1971 (Robert E. Krieger Publishing Co. Inc., Huntington, NY, American Chemical Society Monograph Series No. 139); German Translation: Lehrbuch der brisanten Sprengstoffe, MSW-Chemie, Langelsheim 1965 McAdam, R. und Westwater, R.: Mining Explosives, Oliver & Boyd, London 1958 Taylor, J. und Gay, P. F.: British Coal Mining Explosives, George Newnes, London 1958 Taylor, W.: Modern Explosives, The Royal Institute of Chemistry, London 1959 Berthmann, A.: Explosivstoffe, in: Winnacker-Küchler, Chemische Technologie, 3. Aufl., Hanser, München 1972, Bd. 5, S. 463–527 Urbanski, T.: Chemie und Technologie der Explosivstoffe, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1961–1964, (3 Bde); englische erweiterte Auflage: Chemistry and Technology of Explosives, Pergamon Press, Oxford 1964–1967, 1984 (4 Bde) Kreuter, Th.: Spreng- und Zündmittel, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1962 * The sequence of listing was made according to the year of publication. The titles published prior to 1970 are historical interest only, they are out of print and only available in a few libraries. Explosives. Sixth Edition. Rudolf Meyer, Josef Köhler, Axel Homburg Copyright © 2007 Wiley-VCH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 978-3-527-31656-4
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R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Expl
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Dr. Rudolf Meyer (†) (formerly: W
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Preface and Prof. Dr. P. Elsner, Dr
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From the preface of previous editio
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mass: kg g oz. Ib. kilogram: 1 kg =
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1 Adiabatic Abel Test This test on
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3 Airbag types of generators. Both
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5 Airbag 8 7 4 3 1 2 5 6 1. Ignitio
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7 Airbag ates and chlorates with ad
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9 Akardite III Specifications melti
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11 Ammongelit 2; 3 Aluminum Powder
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13 Ammonium Chloride Vapor pressure
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15 Ammonium Nitrate the most powerf
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17 Ammonium Perchlorate Higher dens
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19 Amorces Ammonium Picrate ammoniu
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21 Armor Plate Impact Test Aquarium
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23 Average Burning Rate front face
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25 Ballistic Bomb z(p/pmax) = p/pma
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27 Ballistic Mortar liveliness at p
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29 Barium Perchlorate Baratols Pour
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31 Bengal Fireworks An oxidizer in
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33 BICT employed, since differing v
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35 Black Powder and heat of explosi
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37 Blasting Gelatin agents are cons
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39 Booster Blasting Switch Zündsch
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41 Brisance Bridgewire Detonator Br
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43 Bullet-resistant Bulldoze Aufleg
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45 Burning Rate Burning Rate Abbran
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47 Butanetriol Trinitrate Butanedio
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49 Cap Sensitivity The following da
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51 Cap Sensitivity and initiated. N
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53 Case Bonding Table 3. Cartridge
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55 CDB Propellants Since W TNT is p
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57 Centralite III Centralite II dim
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59 Combustibility Class A, Class B
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61 Composite Propellants the chambe
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63 Confined Detonation Velocity Com
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65 Coyote Blasting Copper chromite
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67 Cutting Charges Curing Härten;
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69 Cylinder Expansion Test energy o
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71 Dangerous Goods Regulations Fig.
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73 Deflagration Point Deckmaster Tr
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75 Destruction of Explosive Materia
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77 Detonation fuses for the safe in
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79 Detonation The state variables w
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81 Detonation perature and pressure
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83 Detonation of aggregation. They
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85 Detonation 4. Sympathetic Detona
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87 Detonation Fig. 14. Gap test acc
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89 Detonation 6. Detonation Develop
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91 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene
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93 Dibutyl Phthalate at r = 1.5 g/c
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95 Diethyleneglycol Dinitrate Dieth
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97 Dimethylhydrazine, unsymmetrical
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99 4,6-Dinitrobenzofuroxan colorles
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101 Dinitrodioxyethyloxamide Dinitr
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103 Dinitroorthocresol molecular we
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105 Dinitrosobenzene energy of form
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107 Dinitrotoluene heat of fusion:
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109 Diphenylamine oxygen balance: -
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111 Ditching Dynamite Dipicrylurea
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113 Dynaschoc An advantage of this
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115 End of Burning Ednatol A cast e
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117 Energy of Formation; Enthalpy o
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119 Equation of State the calculati
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121 Erythritol Tetranitrate Erosion
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123 Ethylenediamine Dinitrate oxyge
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125 Ethylphenylurethane Ethyl Nitra
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127 Exothermal oxygen balance: -61.
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129 Explosive Forming and Cladding
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131 Explosives W Class A Explosives
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133 Explosives W Diethyleneglycol D
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Table 12. Requirements on Industria
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137 Firing Current combustion chamb
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139 Fragmentation Test plosives wit
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141 Friction Sensitivity Sensitiven
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143 Fumes may lead to heavy interna
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145 Gap Test Functioning Time Ignit
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147 Gelatins; Gelatinous Explosives
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149 Glycerol - 2,4-Dinitrophenyl Et
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151 Glycidyl Azide Polymer lead blo
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153 Guanidine Nitrate Guanidine Nit
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155 Gunpowder them from influx of w
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157 Gurney energy which these powde
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159 Heat of Explosion usually have
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161 Partial Heat of Explosion Compo
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163 Heat Sensitivity In this way, r
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165 Hexamethylene Diisocyanate oxyg
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167 Hexanitroazobenzene energy of f
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169 Hexanitrodiphenylaminoethyl Nit
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171 2,4,6,2',4',6'-Hexanitrodipheny
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173 Hexanitrooxanilide energy of fo
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175 Hexogen heat of explosion calcu
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177 Hot Storage Tests Specification
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179 Hybrids criterion of the propel
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181 Hygroscopicity melting point: s
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183 Illuminant Composition Igniter
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185 Impact Sensitivity each case. T
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187 Impact Sensitivity Table 18. Im
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189 To Inflame Table 20. High criti
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191 Ion Propellants Non-brisant, i.
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193 Lambrit impact sensitivity: 1.5
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195 Lead Azide energy of formation:
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197 Lead Block Test 25 mm in height
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199 Lead Nitrate Lead Ethylhexanoat
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201 Leading Lines heat of explosion
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203 Liquid Propellants explosive st
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205 LOVA Gun-Propellant LOVA An abb
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207 Mannitol Hexanitrate Magazine S
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209 Mercury Fulminate lightly or he
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211 Methylamine Nitrate detonation
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213 Methyl Violet Test Methylphenyl
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215 Miniaturized Detonating Cord Mi
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217 Mud Cap Motor Motor; moteur Gen
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219 Nitrocarbonitrate and the use o
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221 Nitrocellulose the following da
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223 Nitroglycerine heat of explosio
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225 Nitroglycerine cerine produced
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227 Nitroglycol Nitroglycol ethylen
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229 Nitroguanidine; Picrite molecul
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231 Nitromethane detonation velocit
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233 Nitrostarch (H2O liq.): 1266 kc
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235 Nitrourea energy of formation:
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237 Octogen Nozzle Düse; tuyère M
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239 Oxidizer The compound is formed
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241 Parallel Connection The most fa
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243 Pentaerythritol Trinitrate Inje
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245 Permissibles; Permitted Explosi
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251 PETN vapor pressure: Pressure T
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253 Picratol Picramic Acid Dinitroa
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255 Plate Dent Test acid is prepare
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257 Poly-3,3-bis-(azidomethyl)-oxet
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259 Polyvinyl Nitrate PPG serves as
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261 Potassium Perchlorate It is use
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263 Prequalification Test Powder Fo
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265 Progressive Burning Powder Prim
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267 Propyleneglycol Dinitrate Prope
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269 Quick-Match Pyrophoric Material
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271 RID Relay An explosive train co
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273 Rocket Test Stand Rifle Bullet
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275 Sand Test The black powder cont
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277 Seismo-Gelit Screw extruders we
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279 Sensitivity 360 mm wide by 2 mm
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281 Shaped Charges ner can pierce s
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283 Silver Azide Shot Firer Sprengm
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285 SINCO ® Ignition booster and g
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287 Slurrit Skid Test This test is
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289 Solid Propellant Rockets The sa
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291 Specific Energy grain (Bernoull
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293 Squib Hc: enthalpy of the react
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295 Stabilizers Stabilizers Stabili
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297 Strength relevant parameter is
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299 Strength Fig. 22. Specific ener
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301 Surface Treatment Styphnic acid
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303 Tacot Fig. 24. Test results. Sy
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305 Tetramethylammonium Nitrate ing
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307 Tetranitrocarbazole 2,3,4,6-Tet
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309 Tetranitronaphthalene Tetranitr
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311 Tetryl Tetryl trinitro-2,4,6-ph
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313 Thermodynamic Calculation of De
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315 Thermodynamic Calculation of De
Page 330 and 331: 317 Thermodynamic Calculation of De
Page 342 and 343: Table 34. Enthalpy and energy of fo
Page 350 and 351: 337 TNT heat of explosion (H2O gas)
Page 352 and 353: 339 Tracers Table 40. Data of the n
Page 354 and 355: 341 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobe
Page 356 and 357: 343 Triethyleneglycol Dinitrate thu
Page 358 and 359: 345 Trimethyleneglycol Dinitrate Tr
Page 360 and 361: 347 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine oxygen
Page 362 and 363: 349 Trinitrobenzoic Acid lead block
Page 364 and 365: 351 2,4,6-Trinitrocresol Pressure T
Page 366 and 367: 353 Trinitrophenoxethyl nitrate Tri
Page 368 and 369: 355 Trinitropyridine-N-oxide It is
Page 370 and 371: 357 Underwater Detonations Trixogen
Page 372 and 373: 359 Upsetting Tests From the observ
Page 374 and 375: 361 U-Zünder Urea Nitrate Harnstof
Page 376 and 377: 363 Volume of Explosion Gases Vibro
Page 378 and 379: 365 Water Stemming cut off at one e
Page 382 and 383: 369 Literature Roth, J.F.: Sprengst
Page 384 and 385: 371 Literature Gustafson, R.: Swedi
Page 386 and 387: 373 Literature Wiech, R.E. und Stra
Page 388 and 389: 375 Literature Zeldovich, J.B. und
Page 390 and 391: 377 Literature Goad, K.J.W. und Arc
Page 392 and 393: 379 Literature Los Alamos Shock Wav
Page 394 and 395: 381 Literature Mining and Minerals
Page 396 and 397: 383 Literature 5. Joint Internation
Page 398 and 399: Index aluminum powder 11; 12; 215;
Page 400 and 401: Index billet 33 binder 34 binary ex
Page 402 and 403: Index Cellulosenitrat W nitrocellul
Page 404 and 405: Index danger d’explosion en masse
Page 406 and 407: Index Dinol = diazodinitrophenol (g
Page 408 and 409: Index essai au bloc de plomb = lead
Page 410 and 411: Index fracture, épreuve de 139 fra
Page 412 and 413: Index HC = mixture of hexachloroeth
Page 414 and 415: Index IME = Institute of Makers of
Page 416 and 417: Index Lebhaftigkeitsfaktor = vivaci
Page 418 and 419: Index MNM = mononitromethane 231 M.
Page 420 and 421: Index Normalgasvolumen = Normalvolu
Page 422 and 423: Index plane wave generators = charg
Page 424 and 425: Index raté = misfire 216 RATO = ro
Page 426 and 427: Index SFF = EFP 281 S.G.P. = denomi
Page 428 and 429: Index TDI = toluene diisocyanate 33
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Index TPEON = tripentaerythroloctan
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Index W W I; W II; W III = permitte
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R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Explosives

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