R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Explosives

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359 Upsetting Tests From the observations it becomes clear that the most effective underwater explosives are those which can produce a high-pressure gas bubble for the formation of the thrust. Mixtures containing a high percentage of aluminum powder have proved to be most effective (W Aluminum Powder; W Torpex; W Trialenes; W Tritonal). References: G. Bjarnholt and P. Holmberg, Explosive Expansion Work in Underwater Detonations, Reprints of the Sixth Symposium on Detonation, San Diego, 1976 (from: Office of Naval Research, San Diego, USA). S. Paterson and A. H. Begg, Underwater Explosion, Propellants and <strong>Explosives</strong> 3,63–89 (1978). Upsetting Tests Stauchung; écrasement du crusher Upsetting tests are used to determinate the W Brisance of the explosives. An unconfined cartridge (envelopped in paper or in metal sheet) acts upon a copper or lead crusher; the loss of height of the crusher is a measure for the brisant performance of the tested explosive (W Brisance). The test according to Kast is shown in Fig. 25; the cartridge shock acts by means of a guided pestle onto a copper crusher of 7 mm P and 10.5 mm height. The simplified test according to Hess is shown in Fig. 26 (see opposite page): A lead cylinder, 60 mm (2.36 in.) high, 40 mm (1.57 in.) ∅, protected by two, 6 mm-thick steel disks, is upset by a 100-g (3.53 oz.) cartridge of the same diameter, 40 mm. The cylinder is pressed down into a mushroom shape; in the case of sensitized special gelatins for seismic use, the cylinder can be destroyed completely.
Upsetting Tests Fig. 25. Upsetting test according to Kast. Fig. 26. Upsetting test according to Hess. 360
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R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Expl
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Dr. Rudolf Meyer (†) (formerly: W
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Preface and Prof. Dr. P. Elsner, Dr
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From the preface of previous editio
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mass: kg g oz. Ib. kilogram: 1 kg =
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1 Adiabatic Abel Test This test on
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3 Airbag types of generators. Both
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5 Airbag 8 7 4 3 1 2 5 6 1. Ignitio
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7 Airbag ates and chlorates with ad
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9 Akardite III Specifications melti
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11 Ammongelit 2; 3 Aluminum Powder
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13 Ammonium Chloride Vapor pressure
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15 Ammonium Nitrate the most powerf
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17 Ammonium Perchlorate Higher dens
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19 Amorces Ammonium Picrate ammoniu
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21 Armor Plate Impact Test Aquarium
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23 Average Burning Rate front face
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25 Ballistic Bomb z(p/pmax) = p/pma
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27 Ballistic Mortar liveliness at p
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29 Barium Perchlorate Baratols Pour
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31 Bengal Fireworks An oxidizer in
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33 BICT employed, since differing v
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35 Black Powder and heat of explosi
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37 Blasting Gelatin agents are cons
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39 Booster Blasting Switch Zündsch
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41 Brisance Bridgewire Detonator Br
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43 Bullet-resistant Bulldoze Aufleg
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45 Burning Rate Burning Rate Abbran
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47 Butanetriol Trinitrate Butanedio
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49 Cap Sensitivity The following da
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51 Cap Sensitivity and initiated. N
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53 Case Bonding Table 3. Cartridge
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55 CDB Propellants Since W TNT is p
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57 Centralite III Centralite II dim
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59 Combustibility Class A, Class B
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61 Composite Propellants the chambe
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63 Confined Detonation Velocity Com
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65 Coyote Blasting Copper chromite
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67 Cutting Charges Curing Härten;
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69 Cylinder Expansion Test energy o
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71 Dangerous Goods Regulations Fig.
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73 Deflagration Point Deckmaster Tr
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75 Destruction of Explosive Materia
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77 Detonation fuses for the safe in
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79 Detonation The state variables w
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81 Detonation perature and pressure
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83 Detonation of aggregation. They
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85 Detonation 4. Sympathetic Detona
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87 Detonation Fig. 14. Gap test acc
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89 Detonation 6. Detonation Develop
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91 1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene
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93 Dibutyl Phthalate at r = 1.5 g/c
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95 Diethyleneglycol Dinitrate Dieth
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97 Dimethylhydrazine, unsymmetrical
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99 4,6-Dinitrobenzofuroxan colorles
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101 Dinitrodioxyethyloxamide Dinitr
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103 Dinitroorthocresol molecular we
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105 Dinitrosobenzene energy of form
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107 Dinitrotoluene heat of fusion:
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109 Diphenylamine oxygen balance: -
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111 Ditching Dynamite Dipicrylurea
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113 Dynaschoc An advantage of this
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115 End of Burning Ednatol A cast e
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117 Energy of Formation; Enthalpy o
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119 Equation of State the calculati
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121 Erythritol Tetranitrate Erosion
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123 Ethylenediamine Dinitrate oxyge
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125 Ethylphenylurethane Ethyl Nitra
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127 Exothermal oxygen balance: -61.
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129 Explosive Forming and Cladding
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131 Explosives W Class A Explosives
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133 Explosives W Diethyleneglycol D
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Table 12. Requirements on Industria
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137 Firing Current combustion chamb
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139 Fragmentation Test plosives wit
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141 Friction Sensitivity Sensitiven
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143 Fumes may lead to heavy interna
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145 Gap Test Functioning Time Ignit
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147 Gelatins; Gelatinous Explosives
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149 Glycerol - 2,4-Dinitrophenyl Et
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151 Glycidyl Azide Polymer lead blo
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153 Guanidine Nitrate Guanidine Nit
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155 Gunpowder them from influx of w
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157 Gurney energy which these powde
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159 Heat of Explosion usually have
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161 Partial Heat of Explosion Compo
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163 Heat Sensitivity In this way, r
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165 Hexamethylene Diisocyanate oxyg
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167 Hexanitroazobenzene energy of f
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169 Hexanitrodiphenylaminoethyl Nit
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171 2,4,6,2',4',6'-Hexanitrodipheny
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173 Hexanitrooxanilide energy of fo
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175 Hexogen heat of explosion calcu
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177 Hot Storage Tests Specification
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179 Hybrids criterion of the propel
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181 Hygroscopicity melting point: s
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183 Illuminant Composition Igniter
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185 Impact Sensitivity each case. T
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187 Impact Sensitivity Table 18. Im
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189 To Inflame Table 20. High criti
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191 Ion Propellants Non-brisant, i.
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193 Lambrit impact sensitivity: 1.5
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195 Lead Azide energy of formation:
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197 Lead Block Test 25 mm in height
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199 Lead Nitrate Lead Ethylhexanoat
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201 Leading Lines heat of explosion
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203 Liquid Propellants explosive st
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205 LOVA Gun-Propellant LOVA An abb
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207 Mannitol Hexanitrate Magazine S
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209 Mercury Fulminate lightly or he
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211 Methylamine Nitrate detonation
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213 Methyl Violet Test Methylphenyl
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215 Miniaturized Detonating Cord Mi
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217 Mud Cap Motor Motor; moteur Gen
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219 Nitrocarbonitrate and the use o
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221 Nitrocellulose the following da
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223 Nitroglycerine heat of explosio
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225 Nitroglycerine cerine produced
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227 Nitroglycol Nitroglycol ethylen
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229 Nitroguanidine; Picrite molecul
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231 Nitromethane detonation velocit
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233 Nitrostarch (H2O liq.): 1266 kc
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235 Nitrourea energy of formation:
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237 Octogen Nozzle Düse; tuyère M
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239 Oxidizer The compound is formed
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241 Parallel Connection The most fa
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243 Pentaerythritol Trinitrate Inje
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245 Permissibles; Permitted Explosi
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251 PETN vapor pressure: Pressure T
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253 Picratol Picramic Acid Dinitroa
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255 Plate Dent Test acid is prepare
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257 Poly-3,3-bis-(azidomethyl)-oxet
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259 Polyvinyl Nitrate PPG serves as
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261 Potassium Perchlorate It is use
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263 Prequalification Test Powder Fo
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265 Progressive Burning Powder Prim
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267 Propyleneglycol Dinitrate Prope
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269 Quick-Match Pyrophoric Material
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271 RID Relay An explosive train co
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273 Rocket Test Stand Rifle Bullet
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275 Sand Test The black powder cont
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277 Seismo-Gelit Screw extruders we
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279 Sensitivity 360 mm wide by 2 mm
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281 Shaped Charges ner can pierce s
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283 Silver Azide Shot Firer Sprengm
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285 SINCO ® Ignition booster and g
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287 Slurrit Skid Test This test is
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289 Solid Propellant Rockets The sa
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291 Specific Energy grain (Bernoull
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293 Squib Hc: enthalpy of the react
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295 Stabilizers Stabilizers Stabili
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297 Strength relevant parameter is
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299 Strength Fig. 22. Specific ener
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301 Surface Treatment Styphnic acid
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303 Tacot Fig. 24. Test results. Sy
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305 Tetramethylammonium Nitrate ing
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307 Tetranitrocarbazole 2,3,4,6-Tet
Page 322 and 323: 309 Tetranitronaphthalene Tetranitr
Page 324 and 325: 311 Tetryl Tetryl trinitro-2,4,6-ph
Page 326 and 327: 313 Thermodynamic Calculation of De
Page 342 and 343: Table 34. Enthalpy and energy of fo
Page 350 and 351: 337 TNT heat of explosion (H2O gas)
Page 352 and 353: 339 Tracers Table 40. Data of the n
Page 354 and 355: 341 1,3,5-Triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobe
Page 356 and 357: 343 Triethyleneglycol Dinitrate thu
Page 358 and 359: 345 Trimethyleneglycol Dinitrate Tr
Page 360 and 361: 347 1,3,3-Trinitroazetidine oxygen
Page 362 and 363: 349 Trinitrobenzoic Acid lead block
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Page 366 and 367: 353 Trinitrophenoxethyl nitrate Tri
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Page 370 and 371: 357 Underwater Detonations Trixogen
Page 374 and 375: 361 U-Zünder Urea Nitrate Harnstof
Page 376 and 377: 363 Volume of Explosion Gases Vibro
Page 378 and 379: 365 Water Stemming cut off at one e
Page 380 and 381: 367 Zinc Peroxide X-Ray Flash By us
Page 382 and 383: 369 Literature Roth, J.F.: Sprengst
Page 384 and 385: 371 Literature Gustafson, R.: Swedi
Page 386 and 387: 373 Literature Wiech, R.E. und Stra
Page 388 and 389: 375 Literature Zeldovich, J.B. und
Page 390 and 391: 377 Literature Goad, K.J.W. und Arc
Page 392 and 393: 379 Literature Los Alamos Shock Wav
Page 394 and 395: 381 Literature Mining and Minerals
Page 396 and 397: 383 Literature 5. Joint Internation
Page 398 and 399: Index aluminum powder 11; 12; 215;
Page 400 and 401: Index billet 33 binder 34 binary ex
Page 402 and 403: Index Cellulosenitrat W nitrocellul
Page 404 and 405: Index danger d’explosion en masse
Page 406 and 407: Index Dinol = diazodinitrophenol (g
Page 408 and 409: Index essai au bloc de plomb = lead
Page 410 and 411: Index fracture, épreuve de 139 fra
Page 412 and 413: Index HC = mixture of hexachloroeth
Page 414 and 415: Index IME = Institute of Makers of
Page 416 and 417: Index Lebhaftigkeitsfaktor = vivaci
Page 418 and 419: Index MNM = mononitromethane 231 M.
Page 420 and 421: Index Normalgasvolumen = Normalvolu
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Index plane wave generators = charg
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Index raté = misfire 216 RATO = ro
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Index SFF = EFP 281 S.G.P. = denomi
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Index TDI = toluene diisocyanate 33
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Index TPEON = tripentaerythroloctan
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Index W W I; W II; W III = permitte
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R. Meyer J. Köhler A. Homburg Explosives

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