Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Composites: Metal and Ceramic ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

5 Carbon Nanotube–Ceramic Nanocomposites 5.1 Overview The development of advanced technologies in the aeronautics, space and energy sectors requires high performance materials with excellent mechanical properties, high thermal conductivity and good wear resistance. Metallic composites can meet these requirements but they suffer from corrosion and oxidation upon exposure to severe aggressive environments. Further, composite materials based on aluminum have a low melting point ( 643 C) that precludes their use as structural materials at elevated temperatures. Ceramic-based materials such as zirconia (ZrO2), alumina (Al2O3), silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4) and titanium carbide (TiC) have been used in industrial sectors at high temperatures due to their intrinsic thermal stability, good corrosion resistance, high temperature mechanical strength and low density. However, ceramics are known to exhibit low fracture toughness since plastic deformation in ceramics is very limited. Several approaches have been adopted to improve the fracture toughness of ceramics. These include transformation toughening, ductile-phase toughening and reinforcement toughening [1] (Figure 5.1). Transformation toughening involves the occurrence of phase transformation in zirconia-based ceramics to arrest the propagation of cracks. Pure zirconia exhibits three different crystalline structures: monoclinic (room temperature to 1170 C), tetragonal (1170–2370 C) and cubic (>2370 C). Several stabilizers or dopants are known to stabilize the tetragonal and cubic phases at room temperature in the metastable state [2, 3]. Partial stabilization enables retention of the metastable tetragonal phase of zirconia at ambient temperature by adding appropriate dopants such as MgO, CaO and Y2O3 (designated as M-TZP, C-TZP and Y-TZP). Under external stress loading, phase transformation from the tetragonal to the monoclinic phase occurs in the stress field around the crack tip [4]. This stress-induced tetragonal to monoclinic transformation is commonly referred to as martensitic transformation and somewhat similar to that in the carbon steels. Accompanying this transformation is a large increase in volume expansion. The resulting strain tends to relieve the stress field across the crack tip, thereby facilitating absorption of large fracture energy. j131
132j 5 Carbon Nanotube–Ceramic Nanocomposites
Page 2 and 3:
Sie Chin Tjong Carbon Nanotube Rein
Page 4 and 5:
Sie Chin Tjong Carbon Nanotube Rein
Page 6 and 7:
Contents Preface IX List of Abbrevi
Page 8 and 9:
5 Carbon Nanotube-Ceramic Nanocompo
Page 10:
Preface Carbon nanotubes are nanost
Page 13 and 14:
XII List of Abbreviations HIP hot i
Page 16 and 17:
1 Introduction 1.1 Background Compo
Page 18 and 19:
Figure 1.2 Transmission electron mi
Page 20 and 21:
1.3 Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes 1
Page 22 and 23:
MWNTs can be as high as 70% of the
Page 24 and 25:
Figure 1.7 In situ TEM images recor
Page 26 and 27:
1.3 Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubesj1
Page 28 and 29:
show TEM images of MWNTs synthesize
Page 30 and 31:
Since then, large efforts have been
Page 32 and 33:
1.3.4 Patent Processes Carbon nanot
Page 34 and 35:
1.4 Purification of Carbon Nanotube
Page 36 and 37:
Table 1.3 Patent processes for the
Page 38 and 39:
Figure 1.13 Schematic illustration
Page 40 and 41:
1.5 Mechanical Properties of Carbon
Page 42 and 43:
Figure 1.14 Carbon nanotubes in hig
Page 44 and 45:
Figure 1.15 In situ tensile deforma
Page 46 and 47:
Table 1.7 Theoretical and experimen
Page 48 and 49:
Nomenclature ~a 1 , ~a 2 Unit vecto
Page 50 and 51:
carbon nanotubes. Physical Review L
Page 52 and 53:
70 Jang, I., Uh, H.S., Cho, H.J., L
Page 54 and 55:
108 Shelimov, K.B., Esenaliev, R.O.
Page 56 and 57:
Bonnamy, S., Beguin, F., Burnham, N
Page 58 and 59:
2 Carbon Nanotube-Metal Nanocomposi
Page 60 and 61:
isostatic pressing. In certain case
Page 62 and 63:
This implies the absence of effecti
Page 64 and 65:
coating material, the plasma gun an
Page 66 and 67:
Table 2.4 Changes in the size and v
Page 68 and 69:
Figure 2.6 (a) Low and (b) high mag
Page 70 and 71:
Figure 2.8 SEM micrographs showing
Page 72 and 73:
Figure 2.11 Bright field TEM microg
Page 74 and 75:
Figure 2.13 TEM image of bulk Al/5
Page 76 and 77:
2.5 Magnesium-Based Nanocomposites
Page 78 and 79:
limited improvement in ultimate ten
Page 80 and 81:
Figure 2.18 SEM micrographs of the
Page 82 and 83:
Figure 2.19 (a) Low and (b) high ma
Page 84 and 85:
Figure 2.22 SEM micrographs of (a)
Page 86 and 87:
Figure 2.25 (a) TEM micrograph show
Page 88 and 89:
2.8 Transition Metal-Based Nanocomp
Page 90 and 91:
Figure 2.27 TEM image of electrodep
Page 92 and 93:
Figure 2.29 SEM micrographs of (a)
Page 94 and 95:
Figure 2.31 Schematic representatio
Page 96 and 97: einforcement content SiCp/Al compos
Page 98 and 99: Materials Science Forum, 534-536 (P
Page 100 and 101: composite. Materials Science and En
Page 102: 111 Cha, S.I., Kim, K.T., Arshad, S
Page 105 and 106: 90j 3 Physical Properties of Carbon
Page 115 and 116: 100j 3 Physical Properties of Carbo
Page 119 and 120: 104j 4 Mechanical Characteristics o
Page 145: 130j 4 Mechanical Characteristics o
Page 149 and 150: 134j 5 Carbon Nanotube-Ceramic Nano
Page 197 and 198:
182j 6 Physical Properties of Carbo
Page 199 and 200:
184j 6 Physical Properties of Carbo
Page 201 and 202:
186j 7 Mechanical Properties of Car
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Table 8.1 Patent processes for maki
Page 233 and 234:
218j 8 Conclusions development of c
Page 235 and 236:
220j 8 Conclusions Figure 8.2 TEM m
Page 237 and 238:
222j 8 Conclusions increase in Vick
Page 239 and 240:
224j 8 Conclusions References 1 Cha
Page 241 and 242:
226j 8 Conclusions nano-matrix. Scr
Page 243:
228j Index l laser ablation 7 load
show all

Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Composites: Metal and Ceramic ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?